School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2010 Dec;20(6):869-82. doi: 10.1080/09602011.2010.503041. Epub 2010 Jul 1.
It is not uncommon for people after a traumatic brain injury (TBI) to develop anxieties about possible negative outcomes (i.e., threat appraisals) in relation to participating in valued activities. Some respond to this anxiety by avoiding the activities, but others maintain their participation. The present study investigated two factors that may help explain this variation across individuals in their response to threat appraisals - self-esteem and the evaluation of coping resources. Forty-one individuals with a TBI completed the Avoidance and Threat Appraisals Questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the Coping Resources Questionnaire. The study's hypotheses were supported: Those low in self-esteem, and those with a negative evaluation of their ability to cope with the TBI, were significantly more likely to respond to threat appraisals with avoidance. Those whose injury was more recent and those whose injury was the result of an assault were also more likely to respond with avoidance. The theoretical and therapeutic implications of these results are discussed.
颅脑损伤（TBI）后的人通常会对参与有价值的活动可能产生的负面后果（即威胁评估）感到焦虑。有些人会通过避免这些活动来应对这种焦虑，但也有些人会继续参与。本研究调查了两个因素，它们可能有助于解释个体对威胁评估的反应的变化——自尊和应对资源的评估。41 名 TBI 患者完成了回避和威胁评估问卷、罗森伯格自尊量表和应对资源问卷。研究假设得到了支持：那些自尊心较低，以及那些对自己应对 TBI 的能力评价较低的人，更有可能用回避来应对威胁评估。那些受伤时间较短的人，以及那些因受到攻击而受伤的人，也更有可能用回避来应对。讨论了这些结果的理论和治疗意义。
