科威特母亲母乳喂养启动的决定因素。
Determinants of breastfeeding initiation among mothers in Kuwait.
机构信息
Human Nutrition Section, Division of Developmental Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
出版信息
Int Breastfeed J. 2010 Jul 28;5:7. doi: 10.1186/1746-4358-5-7.
BACKGROUND
Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended as the optimal way to feed infants for the first six months of life. While overall breastfeeding rates are high, exclusive breastfeeding is relatively uncommon among Middle Eastern women. The objective of this study was to identify the incidence of breastfeeding amongst women in the six governorates of Kuwait and the factors associated with the initiation of breastfeeding.
METHODS
A sample of 373 women (aged 17-47 years), recruited shortly after delivery from four hospitals in Kuwait, completed a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify those factors independently associated with the initiation of breastfeeding.
RESULTS
In total, 92.5% of mothers initiated breastfeeding and at discharge from hospital the majority of mothers were partially breastfeeding (55%), with only 30% of mothers fully breastfeeding. Prelacteal feeding was the norm (81.8%) and less than 1 in 5 infants (18.2%) received colostrum as their first feed. Only 10.5% of infants had been exclusively breastfed since birth, the remainder of the breastfed infants having received either prelacteal or supplementary infant formula feeds at some time during their hospital stay. Of the mothers who attempted to breastfeed, the majority of women (55.4%) delayed their first attempt to breastfeed until 24 hours or more after delivery. Breastfeeding at discharge from hospital was positively associated with paternal support for breastfeeding and negatively associated with delivery by caesarean section and with the infant having spent time in the Special Care Nursery.
CONCLUSIONS
The reasons for the high use of prelacteal and supplementary formula feeding warrant investigation. Hospital policies and staff training are needed to promote the early initiation of breastfeeding and to discourage the unnecessary use of infant formula in hospital, in order to support the establishment of exclusive breastfeeding by mothers in Kuwait.
背景
推荐纯母乳喂养作为婴儿生命最初 6 个月的最佳喂养方式。虽然整体母乳喂养率较高，但在中东女性中，纯母乳喂养相对较少。本研究的目的是确定科威特六个省份女性的母乳喂养发生率以及与母乳喂养开始相关的因素。
方法
从科威特四家医院招募了 373 名年龄在 17-47 岁的女性，在分娩后不久完成了一份结构化的、由调查员管理的问卷。使用多变量逻辑回归分析确定与母乳喂养开始独立相关的因素。
结果
共有 92.5%的母亲开始母乳喂养，在出院时，大多数母亲是部分母乳喂养（55%），只有 30%的母亲完全母乳喂养。开奶前喂养是常态（81.8%），不到五分之一的婴儿（18.2%）接受初乳作为第一餐。只有 10.5%的婴儿从出生就开始纯母乳喂养，其余母乳喂养的婴儿在住院期间的某个时间接受了开奶前喂养或补充婴儿配方奶粉。在试图母乳喂养的母亲中，大多数女性（55.4%）会延迟第一次母乳喂养尝试，直到分娩后 24 小时或更长时间。出院时母乳喂养与父亲对母乳喂养的支持呈正相关，与剖宫产分娩和婴儿在特殊护理室度过时间呈负相关。
结论
需要调查高比例使用开奶前喂养和补充配方奶粉的原因。医院政策和员工培训需要促进母乳喂养的早期开始，并劝阻在医院不必要地使用婴儿配方奶粉，以支持科威特母亲建立纯母乳喂养。
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