University of Dundee Medical School, Dundee, UK.
Emerg Med J. 2011 Jul;28(7):594-8. doi: 10.1136/emj.2009.085803. Epub 2010 Jul 28.
The recent popularity of domestic trampolines has seen a corresponding increase in injured children. Most injuries happen on the trampoline mat when there are multiple users present. This study sought to examine and simulate the forces and energy transferred to a child's limbs when trampolining with another person of greater mass.
The study used a computational biomechanical model.
The simulation demonstrated that when two masses bounce out of phase on a trampoline, a transfer of kinetic energy from the larger mass to the smaller mass is likely to occur. It predicted that when an 80 kg adult is on a trampoline with a 25 kg child, the energy transfer is equivalent to the child falling 2.8 m onto a solid surface. Additionally, the rate of loading on the child's bones and ligaments is greater than that on the accompanying adult.
Current guidelines are clear that more than one user on a trampoline at a time is a risk factor for serious injury; however, the majority of injuries happen in this scenario. The model predicted that there are high energy transfers resulting in serious fracture and ligamentous injuries to children and that this could be equated to equivalent fall heights. This provides a clear take-home message, which can be conveyed to parents to reduce the incidence of trampoline-related injuries.
近年来，国产蹦床越来越受欢迎，由此导致的儿童受伤案例也相应增加。大多数受伤发生在多人同时使用蹦床的时候，而且多发生在蹦床垫上。本研究旨在检验并模拟当体重较大的人与儿童一起蹦床时，力和能量在儿童四肢上的传递情况。
本研究使用了计算生物力学模型。
模拟表明，当两个质量在蹦床上不同时反弹时，较大质量向较小质量传递动能的可能性较大。它预测当一个 80 kg 的成年人和一个 25kg 的儿童在蹦床上时，能量传递相当于儿童从 2.8 米高的固体表面坠落。此外，儿童骨骼和韧带的受力速度大于伴随的成年人。
目前的指导方针明确指出，一次在蹦床上使用超过一个人是严重受伤的危险因素；然而，大多数受伤发生在这种情况下。该模型预测，儿童会受到高能量的传递，导致严重骨折和韧带损伤，这可以等同于等效的坠落高度。这提供了一个明确的信息，可以传达给家长，以减少与蹦床相关的受伤。
