开发安全有效的呼吸道合胞病毒疫苗的新见解。
New insights for development of a safe and protective RSV vaccine.
作者信息
Blanco Jorge C G, Boukhvalova Marina S, Shirey Kari Ann, Prince Gregory A, Vogel Stefanie N
机构信息
Virion Systems Inc., Rockville, MD, USA.
出版信息
Hum Vaccin. 2010 Jun;6(6):482-92. doi: 10.4161/hv.6.6.11562. Epub 2010 Jun 1.
Abstract
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the leading cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants and children <1 year old, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is currently no RSV vaccine. In the 1960s, a formalin-inactivated RSV (FI-RSV) vaccine trial led to exacerbated disease upon natural infection of vaccinees, including two deaths. The causes involved in the disastrous results of these vaccine trials are still unclear but they remain the engine for searching new avenues to develop a safe vaccine that can provide long-term protection against this important pathogen. This article reviews some of the early history of RSV vaccine development,as well as more recent information on the interaction between RSV and the host innate and adaptive immune responses. A safe and efficacious vaccine for RSV will require "re-education" of the host immune response against RSV to prevent vaccine-enhanced or severe RSV disease.
摘要
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是1岁以下婴幼儿肺炎和细支气管炎的主要病因，在全球范围内导致了显著的发病率和死亡率。目前尚无RSV疫苗。20世纪60年代，一项福尔马林灭活RSV（FI-RSV）疫苗试验导致接种疫苗者自然感染后病情加重，包括两例死亡。这些疫苗试验产生灾难性结果的原因仍不清楚，但它们仍是探索新途径以开发一种能提供针对这种重要病原体长期保护的安全疫苗的动力。本文回顾了RSV疫苗研发的一些早期历史，以及关于RSV与宿主固有免疫和适应性免疫反应之间相互作用的最新信息。一种安全有效的RSV疫苗将需要对宿主针对RSV的免疫反应进行“重新教育”，以预防疫苗增强型或严重RSV疾病。
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