Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
J Sleep Res. 2011 Mar;20(1 Pt 2):129-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2010.00872.x.
It has been suggested that healthy sleep facilitates the consolidation of newly acquired memories and underlying brain plasticity. The authors tested the hypothesis that patients with primary insomnia (PI) would show deficits in sleep-related memory consolidation compared to good sleeper controls (GSC). The study used a four-group parallel design (n=86) to investigate the effects of 12 h of night-time, including polysomnographically monitored sleep ('sleep condition' in PI and GSC), versus 12 h of daytime wakefulness ('wake condition' in PI and GSC) on procedural (mirror tracing task) and declarative memory consolidation (visual and verbal learning task). Demographic characteristics and memory encoding did not differ between the groups at baseline. Polysomnography revealed a significantly disturbed sleep profile in PI compared to GSC in the sleep condition. Night-time periods including sleep in GSC were associated with (i) a significantly enhanced procedural and declarative verbal memory consolidation compared to equal periods of daytime wakefulness in GSC and (ii) a significantly enhanced procedural memory consolidation compared to equal periods of daytime wakefulness and night-time sleep in PI. Across retention intervals of daytime wakefulness, no differences between the experimental groups were observed. This pattern of results suggests that healthy sleep fosters the consolidation of new memories, and that this process is impaired for procedural memories in patients with PI. Future work is needed to investigate the impact of treatment on improving sleep and memory.
有人认为，健康的睡眠有助于巩固新获得的记忆和潜在的大脑可塑性。作者测试了这样一个假设，即原发性失眠症（PI）患者在睡眠相关记忆巩固方面会表现出缺陷，与良好睡眠者对照（GSC）相比。该研究采用四组平行设计（n=86），以探讨 12 小时夜间（包括在 PI 和 GSC 中进行多导睡眠监测的睡眠）与 12 小时白天清醒（在 PI 和 GSC 中进行清醒）对程序性（镜像追踪任务）和陈述性记忆巩固（视觉和言语学习任务）的影响。在基线时，人口统计学特征和记忆编码在组间没有差异。多导睡眠图显示，与 GSC 相比，PI 在睡眠状态下的睡眠模式明显受到干扰。在 GSC 中包括睡眠的夜间时段与以下情况相关：（i）与 GSC 中相等的白天清醒时段相比，程序性和陈述性言语记忆巩固显著增强；（ii）与 PI 中相等的白天清醒和夜间睡眠时段相比，程序性记忆巩固显著增强。在白天清醒的整个保留间隔内，实验组之间没有差异。这一结果模式表明，健康的睡眠有助于巩固新的记忆，而这一过程在 PI 患者的程序性记忆中受到损害。未来的工作需要研究治疗对改善睡眠和记忆的影响。
