Diabetes Research Center, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Postgrad Med. 2010 Jul;122(4):129-43. doi: 10.3810/pgm.2010.07.2180.
Prediabetes is a state of abnormal glucose homeostasis characterized by the presence of impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, or both. Individuals with prediabetes are at increased risk for type 2 diabetes, compared with individuals with normal glucose values (normal fasting plasma glucose, < 100 mg/dL [5.6 mmol/L]). The increased risk for cardiovascular disease in prediabetes is multifactorial, with etiologies including insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress. The preferred treatment is intensive lifestyle management and aggressive pharmacologic therapies directed toward individual coronary heart disease risk factors. The use of antihyperglycemic agents in this setting is a topic of intense debate. This review discusses the pathophysiology of prediabetes and its clinical implications, highlighting the importance of early identification and intervention.
糖尿病前期是一种葡萄糖稳态异常的状态，其特征为空腹血糖受损、葡萄糖耐量受损，或两者兼有。与血糖值正常（正常空腹血浆葡萄糖，<100mg/dL[5.6mmol/L]）的个体相比，糖尿病前期个体患 2 型糖尿病的风险增加。糖尿病前期患者发生心血管疾病的风险呈多因素性，其病因包括胰岛素抵抗、高血糖、血脂异常、高血压、全身炎症和氧化应激。首选的治疗方法是强化生活方式管理和针对个体冠心病危险因素的积极药物治疗。在这种情况下使用降血糖药物是一个激烈争论的话题。本综述讨论了糖尿病前期的病理生理学及其临床意义，强调了早期识别和干预的重要性。
