Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
World J Gastroenterol. 2010 Aug 7;16(29):3603-15. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i29.3603.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy and represents an international public health concern as one of the most deadly cancers worldwide. The main etiology of HCC is chronic infection with hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses. However, there are other important factors that contribute to the international burden of HCC. Among these are obesity, diabetes, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and dietary exposures. Emerging evidence suggests that the etiology of many cases of HCC is in fact multifactorial, encompassing infectious etiologies, comorbid conditions and environmental exposures. Clarification of relevant non-viral causes of HCC will aid in preventative efforts to curb the rising incidence of this disease.
肝细胞癌 (HCC) 是最常见的原发性肝脏恶性肿瘤，也是全球最致命癌症之一，因此成为国际公共卫生关注的重点。HCC 的主要病因是乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎病毒的慢性感染。然而，还有其他一些重要因素导致 HCC 在全球的负担加重。其中包括肥胖、糖尿病、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎和饮食暴露。新出现的证据表明，实际上许多 HCC 病例的病因是多因素的，包括感染病因、合并症和环境暴露。阐明 HCC 的相关非病毒病因将有助于预防工作，以遏制这种疾病发病率的上升。
