Australian Centre for Necrotrophic Fungal Pathogens, DHS, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2010 Aug;13(4):415-9.
It was generally considered that necrotrophic plant pathogenic fungi possessed simplistic pathogenic mechanisms being typically reliant on 'blasting their way through host tissue with a battery of lytic and degradative enzymes. However recent studies have suggested that this is not true and that necrotrophic fungal pathogens can subtly manipulate the host during infection in a manner similar to biotrophic pathogens. For example, it has been demonstrated that the wheat pathogens Stagonospora nodorum and Pyrenophora triticirepentis secrete small unique proteins (effectors) that are internalised by host cells and interact with the host in a gene-for-gene relationship to initiate disease, albeit in an inverse manner compared to biotrophs. This paper reviews recent developments in necrotrophic fungal pathogenicity throughout a critical period that arguably saw this field come of age.
人们普遍认为，坏死型植物病原真菌具有简单的致病机制，通常依赖于“用一系列溶酶和降解酶冲破宿主组织”。然而，最近的研究表明，事实并非如此，坏死型真菌病原体在感染过程中可以以类似于生物型病原体的方式微妙地操纵宿主。例如，已经证明，小麦病原体禾旋孢腔菌和禾谷镰刀菌会分泌小的独特蛋白质（效应子），这些蛋白质被宿主细胞内化，并与宿主发生基因对基因的相互作用，从而引发疾病，尽管与生物型病原体相比，这种相互作用是相反的。本文回顾了坏死型真菌致病性在一个关键时期的最新进展，可以说这个时期见证了该领域的成熟。
