Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan.
Biol Pharm Bull. 2010;33(8):1394-9. doi: 10.1248/bpb.33.1394.
The permeation pathway of macromolecules and nanospheres through skin was evaluated using fluorescent isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran (average MW, 4 kDa) (FD-4) and nanospheres (500 nm in diameter) in hairless rat abdominal skin and porcine ear skin as well as a three-dimensional cultured human skin model (cultured skin model). A low molecular hydrophilic compound, sodium fluorescein (FL) (MW, 376 Da), was used for comparison. FL penetrated the stratum corneum and permeated the viable epidermis of hairless rat skin, whereas less permeation of FL was observed through the cultured skin model, suggesting that the primary permeation pathway for the hydrophilic material may be skin appendages through the rat skin. A macromolecular compound, FD-4, was distributed through the hair follicles of the rat skin. In addition, nanospheres were detected in the hair follicles of porcine skin, although no skin permeation was detected. These findings suggest that appendage routes such as hair follicles can be a penetration pathway of macromolecules and nanospheres through skin.
大分子和纳米球通过皮肤的渗透途径采用荧光异硫氰酸酯（FITC）-葡聚糖（平均分子量，4 kDa）（FD-4）和纳米球（500nm 直径）在无毛大鼠腹部皮肤和猪耳朵皮肤以及三维培养的人体皮肤模型（培养皮肤模型）进行评估。小分子亲水性化合物，荧光素钠（FL）（MW，376 Da）用于比较。FL 渗透角质层并渗透到无毛大鼠皮肤的有活力的表皮，而通过培养皮肤模型观察到 FL 的渗透较少，表明亲水性物质的主要渗透途径可能是通过大鼠皮肤的皮肤附属物。一种大分子化合物 FD-4 通过大鼠皮肤的毛囊分布。此外，纳米球在猪皮的毛囊中被检测到，尽管没有皮肤渗透。这些发现表明，毛发等附属物途径可能是大分子和纳米球通过皮肤的渗透途径。
