University of Leipzig, Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Complement Ther Med. 2010 Jun-Aug;18(3-4):160-70. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2010.04.001. Epub 2010 May 15.
Over the last few years several offers in- and outpatient creative therapy interventions for cancer patients have been developed, implemented and researched. This article describes the content, concept and structure of art therapy interventions based on painting or drawing as well as some further methodical procedures and research results of art therapy in the field of psycho-oncology.
We searched electronic databases for papers published between 1987 and March 2009 on painting or drawing based art therapy interventions in oncology. The papers were selected using the inclusion criteria detailed below.
Of 56 retrieved manuscripts, 17 papers reporting 12 research projects were included. The art therapy interventions differ from each other considerably in their content and structure. The variance in the study design of the papers was also high. More females than males participated in the interventions. The papers dealt with a variety of questions. A total of seven quantitative papers focused on mental health. A decrease in anxiety and depression was noted in six of these. Three papers documented an increase in quality of life. Moreover, four qualitative papers indicated positive effects on personal growth, coping, the development of new form of self-expression, and social interaction. Three papers with qualitative methods investigated participants' mechanisms for coping with their disease.
Published papers show that art therapy benefits cancer patients in various ways including improving their mental health. Nevertheless, more studies with an evidence-based design are necessary for reaching further conclusions on efficacy of art therapy. This research should include a focus on gender differences, and controlling possible influencing factors.
在过去几年中，已经开发、实施和研究了几种针对癌症患者的门诊和住院创造性治疗干预措施。本文描述了基于绘画的艺术治疗干预的内容、概念和结构，以及艺术治疗在心理肿瘤学领域的一些进一步的方法程序和研究结果。
我们检索了电子数据库中 1987 年至 2009 年 3 月期间发表的关于基于绘画的艺术治疗干预在肿瘤学中的应用的论文。使用以下详细纳入标准选择论文。
在检索到的 56 篇手稿中，有 17 篇报告了 12 个研究项目的论文被纳入。艺术治疗干预在内容和结构上有很大的不同。论文的研究设计也存在很大差异。干预中女性参与者多于男性。这些论文涉及各种问题。共有 7 篇定量论文侧重于心理健康。其中 6 篇报告了焦虑和抑郁的减少。3 篇记录了生活质量的提高。此外，4 篇定性论文表明对个人成长、应对、新的自我表达形式的发展以及社会互动有积极影响。3 篇采用定性方法的论文研究了参与者应对疾病的机制。
已发表的论文表明，艺术治疗以多种方式使癌症患者受益，包括改善心理健康。然而，为了对艺术治疗的疗效得出进一步的结论，还需要更多具有循证设计的研究。这项研究应包括对性别差异的关注，并控制可能的影响因素。
