Rabies Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Science. 2010 Aug 6;329(5992):676-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1188836.
For RNA viruses, rapid viral evolution and the biological similarity of closely related host species have been proposed as key determinants of the occurrence and long-term outcome of cross-species transmission. Using a data set of hundreds of rabies viruses sampled from 23 North American bat species, we present a general framework to quantify per capita rates of cross-species transmission and reconstruct historical patterns of viral establishment in new host species using molecular sequence data. These estimates demonstrate diminishing frequencies of both cross-species transmission and host shifts with increasing phylogenetic distance between bat species. Evolutionary constraints on viral host range indicate that host species barriers may trump the intrinsic mutability of RNA viruses in determining the fate of emerging host-virus interactions.
对于 RNA 病毒，快速的病毒进化和密切相关的宿主物种的生物学相似性被认为是跨物种传播发生和长期结果的关键决定因素。本研究利用从北美 23 种蝙蝠物种中采集的数百种狂犬病病毒的数据集，提出了一种通用框架，用于使用分子序列数据定量跨物种传播的人均速率，并重建新宿主物种中病毒建立的历史模式。这些估计表明，随着蝙蝠物种之间系统发育距离的增加，跨物种传播和宿主转移的频率都在降低。病毒宿主范围的进化限制表明，在确定新兴宿主-病毒相互作用的命运时，宿主种间屏障可能超过 RNA 病毒的固有可变性。
