Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Annu Rev Microbiol. 2010;64:61-81. doi: 10.1146/annurev.micro.112408.134016.
The cellular surveillance network for sensing and repairing damaged DNA prevents an array of human diseases, and when compromised it can lead to genomic instability and cancer. The carefully maintained cellular response to DNA damage is challenged during viral infection, when foreign DNA is introduced into the cell. The battle between virus and host generates a genomic conflict. The host attempts to limit viral infection and protect its genome, while the virus deploys tactics to eliminate, evade, or exploit aspects of the cellular defense. Studying this conflict has revealed that the cellular DNA damage response machinery comprises part of the intrinsic cellular defense against viral infection. In this review we examine recent advances in this emerging field. We identify common themes used by viruses in their attempts to commandeer or circumvent the host cell's DNA repair machinery, and highlight potential outcomes of the conflict for both virus and host.
细胞监控网络负责感知和修复受损的 DNA，可以预防多种人类疾病。当该网络受损时，可能会导致基因组不稳定和癌症。在病毒感染期间，当外源 DNA 进入细胞时，细胞会受到精心维护的 DNA 损伤反应的挑战。病毒和宿主之间的斗争产生了基因组冲突。宿主试图限制病毒感染并保护其基因组，而病毒则会采取策略来消除、逃避或利用细胞防御的某些方面。研究这种冲突揭示了细胞 DNA 损伤反应机制是宿主固有防御病毒感染的一部分。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了该新兴领域的最新进展。我们确定了病毒在试图控制或规避宿主细胞 DNA 修复机制时所使用的常见策略，并强调了冲突对病毒和宿主的潜在影响。
