Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5534, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, Lyon, F69622, France.
Biol Cell. 2010 Jul 9;102(9):499-513. doi: 10.1042/BC20100035.
Cilia and flagella have essential functions in a wide range of organisms. Cilia assembly is dynamic during development and different types of cilia are found in multicellular organisms. How this dynamic and specific assembly is regulated remains an important question in cilia biology. In metazoans, the regulation of the overall expression level of key components necessary for cilia assembly or function is an important way to achieve ciliogenesis control. The FOXJ1 (forkhead box J1) and RFX (regulatory factor X) family of transcription factors have been shown to be important players in controlling ciliary gene expression. They fulfill a complementary and synergistic function by regulating specific and common target genes. FOXJ1 is essential to allow for the assembly of motile cilia in vertebrates through the regulation of genes specific to motile cilia or necessary for basal body apical transport, whereas RFX proteins are necessary to assemble both primary and motile cilia in metazoans, in particular, by regulating genes involved in intraflagellar transport. Recently, different transcription factors playing specific roles in cilia biogenesis and physiology have also been discovered. All these factors are subject to complex regulation to allow for the dynamic and specific regulation of ciliogenesis in metazoans.
纤毛和鞭毛在广泛的生物体中具有重要的功能。纤毛的组装在发育过程中是动态的，并且在多细胞生物中发现了不同类型的纤毛。这种动态和特异性的组装是如何被调节的，仍然是纤毛生物学中的一个重要问题。在后生动物中，调节纤毛组装或功能所必需的关键成分的整体表达水平是实现纤毛发生控制的重要方法。FOXJ1（叉头框 J1）和 RFX（调节因子 X）转录因子家族已被证明是控制纤毛基因表达的重要参与者。它们通过调节特定和共同的靶基因来发挥互补和协同作用。FOXJ1 对于脊椎动物中运动纤毛的组装是必不可少的，通过调节运动纤毛特有的基因或基底体外周运输所必需的基因来实现；而 RFX 蛋白对于后生动物中初级和运动纤毛的组装都是必需的，特别是通过调节参与鞭毛内运输的基因。最近，也发现了在纤毛发生和生理学中发挥特定作用的不同转录因子。所有这些因子都受到复杂的调节，以允许后生动物中纤毛发生的动态和特异性调节。
