Haan Mary N, Mayeda Elizabeth R
School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, 3333 California Street, Room 280, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA.
Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep. 2010 Sep;4(5):361-368. doi: 10.1007/s12170-010-0118-4. Epub 2010 Jul 16.
The apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype is a genetic risk factor for dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). It includes three alleles (e2, e3, e4) that are located on chromosome 19q3.2. The e3 allele is the most common and is more common in people of Northern European ancestry and less common in those of Asian ancestry. Those with at least one e4 allele are at increased risk for CVD outcomes. It is well established that the presence of an e4 allele is linked to higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, even at young ages. Even though most CVD occurs in older people, there are few studies of the effects of APOE on CVD in older people. This review addresses recent research on the links between APOE, CVD, and vascular mechanisms by which APOE may affect CVD in the elderly.
载脂蛋白E（APOE）基因型是痴呆症、阿尔茨海默病和心血管疾病（CVD）的遗传风险因素。它包括位于19号染色体q3.2上的三个等位基因（e2、e3、e4）。e3等位基因最为常见，在北欧血统的人群中更为常见，而在亚洲血统的人群中则较少见。至少携带一个e4等位基因的个体发生心血管疾病的风险增加。众所周知，即使在年轻时，e4等位基因的存在也与较高的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平有关。尽管大多数心血管疾病发生在老年人中，但关于APOE对老年人心血管疾病影响的研究却很少。本综述阐述了关于APOE、心血管疾病以及APOE可能影响老年人心血管疾病的血管机制之间联系的最新研究。
