Department of Endodontics and Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jinan 250012, China.
J Dent. 2010 Nov;38(11):892-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2010.08.001. Epub 2010 Aug 7.
Both dental erosion and respiratory symptoms are extra-oesophageal manifestations of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The aim of this study was to determine whether dental erosion was correlated with respiratory symptoms in GERD patients.
88 GERD patients were recruited and assigned to three groups mainly according to the frequency of respiratory symptoms: Group I: never; Group II: occasional (1-2 days a week or less); Group III: frequent (3-5 days a week or more). All patients underwent medical evaluations, including medical history, questionnaire answering and alimentary tract examinations. Dental examinations were carried out on these patients and 36 healthy controls. Dental erosions were measured by modified method of Smith and Knight Tooth Wear Index (TWI). Location and severity of dental erosion were recorded.
The prevalence of dental erosion in Group III (64.52%) was higher (p<0.05) than that in Groups I (36.67%) and II (44.44%). GERD patients were presented with dental erosion with TWI scores ranging from 1 to 4. Though proportion of dental erosion with Score 2 (7/20) in Group III was higher than that in Group I (2/11) and Group II (3/12), there was no statistical significance in the proportions of erosion scores among three patient groups. Correlation coefficient between airway symptoms and scores of dental erosion was 0.231 (p<0.05). Palatal erosion of upper incisor was seen in 8 persons (72.7%) in Group I, 9 persons (75%) in Group II and 16 persons (80%) in Group III (p>0.05). Labial erosion of upper incisors was found in 1 person in Groups I and II respectively and 4 persons in Group III. All patients with labial erosion on upper incisors had palatal erosion, except 1 patient in Group III.
In GERD patients, dental erosions are more prevalent in patients with frequent respiratory symptoms than those in patients with occasional and without respiratory symptoms. Palatal erosion of upper incisor is the main manifestation in patients. Acid reflux is the main causative factor of dental erosion in GERD patients with airway symptoms.
牙酸蚀症和呼吸道症状均为胃食管反流病（GERD）的食管外表现。本研究旨在确定 GERD 患者的牙酸蚀症是否与呼吸道症状相关。
招募了 88 名 GERD 患者，并根据呼吸道症状的频率将其主要分为三组：组 I：从未有过；组 II：偶发（每周 1-2 天或更少）；组 III：频发（每周 3-5 天或更多）。所有患者均接受了医学评估，包括病史、问卷调查和消化道检查。对这些患者和 36 名健康对照者进行了牙科检查。采用改良的 Smith 和 Knight 牙磨损指数（TWI）法测量牙酸蚀症。记录牙酸蚀症的位置和严重程度。
组 III（64.52%）的牙酸蚀症患病率高于组 I（36.67%）和组 II（44.44%）（p<0.05）。GERD 患者的牙酸蚀症 TWI 评分为 1-4 分。尽管组 III 中 TWI 评分 2 的牙酸蚀症比例（7/20）高于组 I（2/11）和组 II（3/12），但三组患者的牙酸蚀症评分比例无统计学意义。气道症状与牙酸蚀症评分之间的相关系数为 0.231（p<0.05）。组 I 中 8 人（72.7%）、组 II 中 9 人（75%）和组 III 中 16 人（80%）出现上切牙腭侧酸蚀，差异无统计学意义（p>0.05）。组 I 和组 II 各有 1 人出现上切牙唇侧酸蚀，组 III 有 4 人出现上切牙唇侧酸蚀。除 1 名组 III 患者外，所有上切牙唇侧酸蚀患者均有腭侧酸蚀。
在 GERD 患者中，频发呼吸道症状患者的牙酸蚀症比偶发和无呼吸道症状患者更为常见。上切牙腭侧酸蚀是患者的主要表现。酸反流是 GERD 伴气道症状患者牙酸蚀症的主要致病因素。
