Matsuki Kei O, Matsuki Keisuke, Mu Shang, Sasho Takahisa, Nakagawa Koichi, Ochiai Nobuyasu, Takahashi Kazuhisa, Banks Scott A
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, 330 MAE-A PO Box 116250, Gainesville, FL 32611-6250, USA.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2010 Dec;25(10):979-83. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2010.07.006. Epub 2010 Aug 8.
Forearm rotation is an indispensable activity of daily living and comprises complex motions with rotational and translational components. It is thought that changes in these motions with injury or disease may affect diagnostic indices. Several studies have assessed in vivo forearm kinematics with static conditions, but dynamic forearm kinematics have not yet been reported. The purpose of this study was to analyze forearm kinematics during dynamic rotation using radiographic 3D-2D registration methods.
Ten forearms of five healthy males with the mean age of 37 years old were enrolled. Lateral fluoroscopic images were taken during forearm rotation from maximum supination to maximum pronation with their elbows flexed to approximately 45°. Geometric bone models were created from CT scans of the humerus, the radius and the ulna. Three-dimensional kinematics were determined using 3D-2D model registration techniques with the images and models, and the arc of axial rotation of the radius, volar/dorsal translation of the ulna at the distal radioulnar joint and rotation axis of forearm were computed.
The radial rotation arc was 157°. The ulna translated 3.9 mm (SD 1.5mm) dorsally during activity. The rotation axis of the forearm passed through the center of the radial head and the ulnar head at the 1.9 mm (SD 0.7 mm) posterior from its geometric centroid.
The posteriorly deviated rotation axis at the ulnar head may result in the ulnar head translating dorsally during pronation. These data provide a basis for objective assessment of pathological forearm function.
前臂旋转是日常生活中不可或缺的活动，包括具有旋转和平移成分的复杂运动。人们认为，这些运动因损伤或疾病而发生的变化可能会影响诊断指标。多项研究在静态条件下评估了体内前臂运动学，但动态前臂运动学尚未见报道。本研究的目的是使用放射学三维-二维配准方法分析动态旋转过程中的前臂运动学。
纳入5名平均年龄为37岁的健康男性的10只前臂。在肘关节屈曲至约45°的情况下，从前臂最大旋前到最大旋后的过程中拍摄侧位荧光透视图像。从肱骨、桡骨和尺骨的CT扫描中创建几何骨模型。使用图像和模型的三维-二维模型配准技术确定三维运动学，并计算桡骨的轴向旋转弧、桡尺远侧关节处尺骨的掌侧/背侧平移以及前臂的旋转轴。
桡骨旋转弧为157°。活动期间，尺骨向背侧平移3.9 mm（标准差1.5mm）。前臂的旋转轴穿过桡骨头中心和尺骨头中心，位于其几何质心后方1.9 mm（标准差0.7 mm）处。
尺骨头处向后偏斜的旋转轴可能导致尺骨头在旋前过程中向背侧平移。这些数据为客观评估病理性前臂功能提供了依据。
