Naji-Rammal Soraya, Bedrossian Nora
Département des sciences fondamentales Faculté des sciences médicales Université libanaise Campus Rafic-El-Hariri BP 2 Hadath Liban.
Sante. 2010 Apr-Jun;20(2):81-6. doi: 10.1684/san.2010.0197. Epub 2010 Aug 10.
Typhoid fever is a major public health problem, especially in developing countries. From 2000 through 2008, the infectious disease surveillance unit at the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health received 6148 reports of typhoid cases. A case is considered positive for typhoid or paratyphoid fever when fever of at least 38 degrees C persists for three days, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi or Paratyphi is isolated from blood, bone marrow, or stool. Statistical analysis was performed with STATA v.10 software. The most cases were recorded in 2003 (n=891), followed by 2007 (n=879), while the fewest were recorded in 2005 (n=461). The distribution of typhoid was not homogeneous between age groups: the age group most affected were those aged 20-39 years, followed by those from 10-19 years; those older than 60 years were least affected. Nor was the geographic distribution, by district (combining Nabatieh and the South together), homogeneous. The most affected individuals were in the North (n=2,192), followed by Bekaa (n=1,651) and Mount Lebanon (n= 1,094). Beirut was the least affected, with 210 cases. The results indicate that typhoid fever remains endemic in Lebanon and that the risk of epidemic episodes is still present.
伤寒热是一个主要的公共卫生问题，尤其是在发展中国家。从2000年到2008年，黎巴嫩公共卫生部的传染病监测部门收到了6148例伤寒病例报告。当至少38摄氏度的发热持续三天，并且从血液、骨髓或粪便中分离出伤寒沙门氏菌或副伤寒沙门氏菌时，该病例被认为是伤寒或副伤寒热阳性。使用STATA v.10软件进行统计分析。病例最多的年份是2003年（n = 891），其次是2007年（n = 879），而病例最少的是2005年（n = 461）。伤寒在各年龄组中的分布并不均匀：受影响最大的年龄组是20至39岁的人群，其次是10至19岁的人群；60岁以上的人群受影响最小。按地区（将纳巴蒂耶和南部合并在一起）划分的地理分布也不均匀。受影响最大的地区是北部（n = 2192），其次是贝卡（n = 1651）和黎巴嫩山（n = 1094）。贝鲁特受影响最小，有210例病例。结果表明，伤寒热在黎巴嫩仍然是地方病，并且仍然存在流行爆发的风险。
