Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73190, USA.
Am J Med Sci. 2010 Sep;340(3):194-201. doi: 10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181e93817.
Established and emerging tickborne infections are significant causes of human illness in the southern United States. Rocky Mountain spotted fever, human monocytic ehrlichiosis, human ewingii ehrlichiosis and tularemia are known pathogens in this geographic distribution. Rickettsia parkeri and novel ehrlichioses are more recently described tickborne infections reviewed in this article. An understanding of the tick vectors, pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment is useful for the clinician treating patients potentially infected with any of these pathogens. Prevention measures, the optimal method for removing an attached tick and current and future vaccine development conclude this review.
已确立和新兴的蜱传感染是美国南部地区人类疾病的重要病因。落矶山斑点热、人类单核细胞埃立克体病、人埃利希氏体 ewingii 病和兔热病是该地理区域已知的病原体。本文回顾了帕克氏立克次体和新描述的埃立克体病等最近发现的蜱传感染。了解蜱媒、发病机制、流行病学、临床表现、诊断和治疗方法对治疗可能感染这些病原体的患者的临床医生很有用。本文还介绍了预防措施、去除附着蜱的最佳方法以及当前和未来的疫苗开发。
