Wilson Kenneth H
VA Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc. 2010;121:309-17; discussion 317-9.
In medicine we tend to restrict practice to using a purely intellectual understanding grounded in science to conceptualize patients and their illnesses. This approach is radically different from the experientially rich healing practices found throughout the world that presumably date to the beginning of humanity. Shamanistic healing is often typified as involving magical thinking and communication with beings other than human. These aspects of traditional healing are difficult to merge with science, the backbone of our medical practice. However, we can also describe traditional healing as meeting patients beyond the conventional self and beyond conceptual filters to directly face sickness and death in a larger context. There are a variety of traditions for learning to live our lives in this larger context, including contemplative religious practices and secular mindfulness practice. Although self discipline, effort and courage are likely to be required to take these paths, they can transform the practice of medicine into a richer experience. Using Zen Buddhism as an example of a contemplative spiritual approach, I will explore how it is possible to preserve a respectful relationship to science while engaging in healing as what the African Bushmen called "a life thing, a death thing".
在医学领域,我们倾向于将实践局限于运用基于科学的纯粹理性理解,来对患者及其疾病进行概念化。这种方法与世界各地丰富的经验性治疗实践截然不同,这些实践大概可以追溯到人类起源之时。萨满教治疗通常被视为涉及魔法思维以及与非人类存在的交流。传统治疗的这些方面很难与作为我们医疗实践核心的科学相融合。然而,我们也可以将传统治疗描述为在超越传统自我和概念性过滤的层面上与患者相遇,以便在更广阔的背景下直接面对疾病和死亡。在这个更广阔的背景下,有各种各样的传统教导我们如何生活,包括冥想宗教修行和世俗正念练习。尽管走上这些道路可能需要自律、努力和勇气,但它们可以将医疗实践转变为一种更丰富的体验。以禅宗佛教作为冥想精神方法的一个例子,我将探讨如何在以非洲布须曼人所谓的“关乎生死之事”进行治疗的同时,保持对科学的尊重。