Haycock-Stuart Elaine, Baggaley Sarah, Kean Susanne, Carson Maggie
University of Edinburgh.
Community Pract. 2010 Jul;83(7):24-8.
There is limited evidence concerning leadership in community nursing. NHS policy also fails to clarify and define what leadership is, though regarding it as key to developing safe and high quality care. This paper reports the findings of a research study that aimed to identify how leadership is perceived and experienced by community nurses, and to examine the interaction between recent policy and leadership development in community nursing. Mixed qualitative methods were used involving 31 individual interviews and three focus groups with community nurses and nurse leaders (n-39) in three health boards in Scotland. Findings indicate the leadership qualities valued by participants, including the importance of leaders' visibility. Team leaders in particular were recognised for their visibility and clinical leadership. Strategic and professional leadership was less evident, so acting as a barrier to the development of the profession. The strategic vision was often not clear to community nurses, and they engaged in differing ways with the strategies and action plans of senior nurse leaders. New leadership roles, like change, need time to evolve and new leaders need space and the education to develop leadership. Future leaders in community nursing need to focus beyond clinical leadership, ensuring that good leadership is a process requiring interdependence between leaders and followers.
关于社区护理中的领导力，证据有限。英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）的政策也未能阐明和界定什么是领导力，尽管将其视为发展安全和高质量护理的关键。本文报告了一项研究的结果，该研究旨在确定社区护士如何看待和体验领导力，并考察近期政策与社区护理中领导力发展之间的相互作用。研究采用了混合定性方法，对苏格兰三个健康委员会的31名社区护士和护士领导者（共39人）进行了个人访谈和三次焦点小组讨论。研究结果表明了参与者所重视的领导品质，包括领导者露面的重要性。团队领导者尤其因其露面和临床领导力而受到认可。战略和专业领导力则不太明显，因此成为了该行业发展的障碍。社区护士往往不清楚战略愿景，他们对高级护士领导者的战略和行动计划的参与方式也各不相同。像变革一样，新的领导角色需要时间来演变，新领导者需要空间和教育来培养领导力。社区护理领域的未来领导者需要超越临床领导力，确保良好的领导力是一个领导者与追随者相互依存的过程。
