Centre for Fish and Fisheries Research, School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sustainability, Environmental and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, South Street, Perth, Western Australia 6150, Australia.
J Fish Biol. 2010 Aug;77(3):600-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02706.x.
Samples of the foxfish Bodianus frenchii, collected over reefs on the lower west and south coasts of Western Australia, contained individuals ranging up to 78 years old. Although B. frenchii is far smaller than many other species within the Labridae, its maximum age is the greatest yet recorded for this highly speciose family and, together with Achoerodus gouldii, provides an example of a temperate hypsigenyine with exceptional longevity. Length and age compositions of females and males and the histological characteristics of gonads of a wide length range of individuals demonstrated that B. frenchii is a protogynous hermaphrodite. Furthermore, as, on both coasts, the length of the smallest male was greater than that at which all females had become mature, B. frenchii is a monandric protogynous hermaphrodite, i.e. all of its males are derived from functional females. Attainment of maturity by females is related more to length than age, whereas the reverse is true for sex change. On the basis of Schnute growth equations and length-to-body mass regression equations, the predicted length at age and body mass at length of fish on the south coast were greater than those on the west coast throughout life. Although B. frenchii spawns daily during the main spawning season, which extends from October to February on both coasts, its fecundity at any given length is substantially greater on the south than on the west coast. The more rapid growth of juveniles and earlier attainment of maturity by B. frenchii on the south coast than on the warmer west coast, together with maturation at a similar size on both coasts, run counter to the trends observed in many species and certain ecological theories regarding the relationships between life-cycle traits and latitude and temperature. The attainment by B. frenchii of a larger body length at age, of greater body mass at length and of greater fecundity at both length and body mass in fish on the south than on the west coast strongly suggests that conditions on the former, cooler coast are more favourable for this labrid, which belongs to a sub-genus whose other species typically live in cool, deep, temperate waters.
从西澳大利亚州西南部和南部海岸的珊瑚礁上采集的狐鲷 Bodianus frenchii 样本中，包含了年龄高达 78 岁的个体。尽管 B. frenchii 远小于其他许多鲈形目鱼类，但它的最大年龄是该高度特化的家族中记录到的最大年龄，与 Achoerodus gouldii 一起，为具有特殊长寿的温带 hypsigenyine 提供了一个例子。广泛体长范围的个体的雌性和雄性的长度和年龄组成以及性腺的组织学特征表明，B. frenchii 是一种雌雄同体的雌雄同体。此外，由于在两个海岸上，最小雄性的长度都大于所有雌性成熟的长度，因此 B. frenchii 是一种单性雌雄同体的雌雄同体，即它的所有雄性都是从功能性雌性衍生而来的。雌性达到成熟与长度的关系比年龄更密切，而性别变化则相反。根据 Schnute 生长方程和长度-体质量回归方程，预测南海岸的鱼类年龄和长度的体质量都大于西海岸的鱼类一生。尽管 B. frenchii 在主要繁殖季节（在两个海岸上从 10 月到 2 月）期间每天产卵，但在任何给定长度下，其在南部的繁殖力都明显大于西部。B. frenchii 在南部的生长速度快于温暖的西部，而且在南部的成熟年龄更早，在两个海岸的成熟体型相似，这与许多物种以及关于生命周期特征与纬度和温度之间关系的某些生态理论所观察到的趋势相反。B. frenchii 在年龄上达到更大的体长、在长度上达到更大的体质量以及在长度和体质量上达到更大的繁殖力的能力表明，前者较冷的海岸条件对这种属于一个亚属的狐鲷更为有利，其其他物种通常生活在凉爽、深、温带水域中。
