Perera-García Martha A, Mendoza-Carranza Manuel, Contreras-Sánchez Wilfrido M, Huerta-Ortíz Maricela, Pérez-Sánchez Eunice
División Académica Multidisciplinaria de los Ríos, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Col. Solidaridad S/N, C.P. 86901, Tenosique, Tabasco, México.
Rev Biol Trop. 2011 Jun;59(2):669-81.
In Southeastern Mexico, Centropomus undecimalis is an important fish species of sport and commercial fisheries for coastal and riverine communities. Fisheries along rivers and coasts depend on migratory habits of this species, and these movements are probably related to reproduction. In spite of its economic importance, few studies have been conducted focusing on its reproductive biology, and this research aims to analyze these habits. Samples (fork length, somatic and gonads weight, and macroscopic maturity stages) were obtained from organisms collected by fishermen from the largest fishing cooperatives along the coastal and riverine areas of Tabasco, from July 2006 to March 2008. Fish size ranged from 34 to 112 cm fork length, with an average age of 6.42 years for males and 9.12 years for females. In riverine areas, fish sizes ranged from 30 to 85 cm and the average age was 5.5 years for males and 6.6 years for females. Significant differences were recorded between lengths of males and females from the two areas (Kruskal-Wallis, p < 0.05). The male:female ratio was 1:0.68 in the coast, and 1:0.16 in riverine areas. The length-weight relationship did not vary between both sexes among areas (ANCOVA, p > 0.05). A curve for eviscerated weight was calculated for both sexes, for coastal fishes SW = 0.0059 (FL)3.07, and the riverine ones SW = 0.0086 (FL) 2.98, with an isometric growth (b = 3). The period of maximum reproduction was from July to August, with temperatures of 28 to 30 degrees C. A significant correlation between the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and rainfall was recorded for samples of both males and females from coastal areas (r = 0.63, r = 0.70) whereas only one positive correlation was recorded for riverine females (r = 0.57). The size at first maturity (L50) was estimated at 60 cm and 80 cm (FL), corresponding to 5.5 and 8.5 years of age, for males and females, respectively. An important proportion of mature females of eight years and older, suggests that these ages contribute significantly to the reproductive biomass. The results indicate that due to changes in the exploitation period, we recommend to protect populations of the common snook.
在墨西哥东南部，犬牙石首鱼是沿海和河流社区重要的游钓及商业捕捞鱼类品种。河流和沿海的渔业依赖于该物种的洄游习性，而这些洄游活动可能与繁殖有关。尽管其具有经济重要性，但针对其繁殖生物学的研究却很少，本研究旨在分析这些习性。2006年7月至2008年3月期间，从塔巴斯科沿海和河流地区最大的渔业合作社渔民捕获的犬牙石首鱼中采集样本（叉长、躯体和性腺重量以及宏观成熟阶段）。鱼的大小范围为叉长34至112厘米，雄性平均年龄为6.42岁，雌性为9.12岁。在河流区域，鱼的大小范围为30至85厘米，雄性平均年龄为5.5岁，雌性为6.6岁。两个区域雄性和雌性的长度存在显著差异（Kruskal - Wallis检验，p < 0.05）。沿海地区的雌雄比例为1:0.68，河流区域为1:0.16。不同区域的两性之间长度 - 重量关系没有差异（协方差分析，p > 0.05）。计算了两性的去内脏重量曲线，沿海鱼类为SW = 0.0059 (FL)3.07，河流鱼类为SW = 0.0086 (FL) 2.98，呈等速生长（b = 3）。繁殖高峰期为7月至8月，温度为28至30摄氏度。沿海地区雄性和雌性样本的性腺指数（GSI）与降雨量之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.63，r = 0.70），而河流区域仅雌性有一个正相关（r = 0.57）。首次成熟时的大小（L50）估计雄性为60厘米（叉长）、雌性为80厘米（叉长），分别对应5.5岁和8.5岁。8岁及以上成熟雌性占重要比例，表明这些年龄对繁殖生物量有显著贡献。结果表明，由于捕捞期的变化，我们建议保护犬牙石首鱼种群。
