东欧健康、酒精和心理社会因素研究：立陶宛考纳斯市城市居民的饮食模式及其与社会人口因素的关系。
Health, alcohol and psychosocial factors in Eastern Europe study: dietary patterns and their association with socio-demographic factors in the Lithuanian urban population of Kaunas city.
机构信息
Laboratory of Population Studies, Institute of Cardiology, Kaunas University of Medicine, Kaunas, Lithuania.
出版信息
Int J Public Health. 2011 Apr;56(2):209-16. doi: 10.1007/s00038-010-0170-3. Epub 2010 Aug 12.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to identify the main dietary patterns in the Lithuanian urban population and to determine their association with socio-demographic factors.
METHODS
Data from the survey performed in the framework of the HAPIEE (Health, Alcohol, Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe) study were presented. A random sample of 7,087 individuals aged 45-72 years was screened in 2006-2008.
RESULTS
Factor analysis of the main dietary patterns revealed a five-factor solution, which accounted for 47.8% of the variance: "fresh vegetables and fruit"; "sweets"; "porridge and cereals"; "potatoes, meat, boiled vegetables and eggs"; "chicken and fish". "Fresh vegetables and fruits" factor and "sweets" factor were inversely associated with age both in men and women: older people consumed less frequent than average of the particular food groups. Dietary patterns of people with good self-rated health and university education were healthier than among people with lower education and poorer health.
CONCLUSION
Nutrition education efforts should focus on improving food diversity, with particular targeting of lower educated, single and older people.
目的
本研究旨在确定立陶宛城市人口的主要饮食模式，并确定其与社会人口因素的关系。
方法
呈现了在 HAPIEE（东欧健康、酒精、心理社会因素）研究框架内进行的调查的数据。2006-2008 年，对 7087 名年龄在 45-72 岁的随机样本进行了筛选。
结果
主要饮食模式的因子分析揭示了一个五因素解决方案，占 47.8%的方差：“新鲜蔬菜和水果”；“甜食”；“粥和谷物”；“土豆、肉、煮蔬菜和鸡蛋”；“鸡肉和鱼”。“新鲜蔬菜和水果”因子和“甜食”因子在男性和女性中均与年龄呈负相关：老年人的特定食物组消费频率低于平均水平。自我评估健康状况良好和接受过大学教育的人的饮食模式比受教育程度较低、健康状况较差的人的饮食模式更健康。
结论
营养教育工作应侧重于改善食物多样性，特别针对受教育程度较低、单身和老年人。
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