Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5535, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2010 Sep;8(9):645-55. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2395.
To reach the central nervous system (CNS), pathogens have to circumvent the wall of tightly sealed endothelial cells that compose the blood-brain barrier. Neuronal projections that connect to peripheral cells and organs are the Achilles heels in CNS isolation. Some viruses and bacterial toxins interact with membrane receptors that are present at nerve terminals to enter the axoplasm. Pathogens can then be mistaken for cargo and recruit trafficking components, allowing them to undergo long-range axonal transport to neuronal cell bodies. In this Review, we highlight the strategies used by pathogens to exploit axonal transport during CNS invasion.
为了到达中枢神经系统（CNS），病原体必须绕过由紧密密封的内皮细胞组成的血脑屏障壁。连接到外周细胞和器官的神经元突起是 CNS 隔离的阿喀琉斯之踵。一些病毒和细菌毒素与存在于神经末梢的膜受体相互作用，从而进入轴浆。病原体随后可能被误认为货物并招募运输成分，从而允许它们进行长距离的轴突运输到神经元细胞体。在这篇综述中，我们强调了病原体在 CNS 入侵过程中利用轴突运输的策略。
