Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
J Psychosom Res. 2010 Sep;69(3):289-98. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2010.03.008. Epub 2010 Apr 21.
Clinical studies indicate a strong association between tinnitus and mental health, but results from general population data are missing. The purpose of the study was to examine the association between tinnitus, mental health, and well-being in the general adult population and to identify factors that might mediate and moderate this association.
Data from 51,574 adults participating in the Nord-Trøndelag Hearing Loss Study (1995-1997), part of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT-2), were analyzed. The association between tinnitus symptom intensity and symptoms of depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and subjective well-being was examined by multivariate ANOVA, stratified by age group and sex. Explanatory variables were age, marital status, education, hearing, dizziness, vision, physical disability, and somatic illness. In a subsample of participants with tinnitus, the effects of "time since onset," "predictability of tinnitus episodes," and "noise sensitivity" were tested.
Participants with tinnitus scored significantly higher on anxiety and depression and lower on self-esteem and well-being than people without tinnitus. The effect sizes were small and quite similar across levels of tinnitus symptom intensity. No significant effect of time since onset was found. A significant effect of predictability of tinnitus episodes and noise sensitivity was found in some groups.
A weak association between tinnitus and mental health was found in this general population study.
临床研究表明耳鸣与心理健康之间存在很强的关联，但缺乏来自一般人群数据的支持。本研究的目的是调查一般成年人群中耳鸣、心理健康和幸福感之间的关联，并确定可能调节这种关联的因素。
分析了 51574 名参与北特伦德拉格听力损失研究（1995-1997 年）的成年人的数据，该研究是北特伦德拉格健康研究（HUNT-2）的一部分。通过多变量方差分析，按年龄组和性别分层，研究了耳鸣症状强度与抑郁、焦虑、自尊和主观幸福感症状之间的关联。解释变量为年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度、听力、头晕、视力、身体残疾和躯体疾病。在有耳鸣的参与者的子样本中，测试了“发病时间”、“耳鸣发作的可预测性”和“噪声敏感性”的影响。
有耳鸣的参与者在焦虑和抑郁方面的得分显著高于无耳鸣的参与者，而在自尊和幸福感方面的得分则较低。耳鸣症状强度的各个水平之间，效应大小较小且非常相似。未发现发病时间的显著影响。在一些组中，发现了耳鸣发作的可预测性和噪声敏感性的显著影响。
在这项一般人群研究中，发现耳鸣与心理健康之间存在微弱的关联。
