Department of Cell Biology and the Morphogenesis and Regenerative Medicine Institute, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, 22908, USA.
Dev Cell. 2010 Aug 17;19(2):345-52. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2010.07.012.
The cranial neural crest (CNC) consists of multipotent embryonic cells that contribute to craniofacial structures and other cells and tissues of the vertebrate head. During embryogenesis, CNC is induced at the neural plate boundary through the interplay of several major signaling pathways. Here, we report that the metalloproteinase activity of ADAM13 is required for early induction of CNC in Xenopus. In both cultured cells and X. tropicalis embryos, membrane-bound Ephrins (Efns) B1 and B2 were identified as substrates for ADAM13. ADAM13 upregulates canonical Wnt signaling and early expression of the transcription factor snail2, whereas EfnB1 inhibits the canonical Wnt pathway and snail2 expression. We propose that by cleaving class B Efns, ADAM13 promotes canonical Wnt signaling and early CNC induction.
颅神经嵴(CNC)由多能胚胎细胞组成,这些细胞有助于颅面结构和脊椎动物头部的其他细胞和组织的形成。在胚胎发生过程中,通过几种主要信号通路的相互作用,CNC 在前神经板边界被诱导。在这里,我们报告 ADAM13 的金属蛋白酶活性对于非洲爪蟾 CNC 的早期诱导是必需的。在培养的细胞和 X. tropicalis 胚胎中,膜结合的 Ephrins(Efns)B1 和 B2 被鉴定为 ADAM13 的底物。ADAM13 上调经典 Wnt 信号和转录因子 snail2 的早期表达,而 Efnb1 抑制经典 Wnt 途径和 snail2 的表达。我们提出,通过切割 B 类 Ephrins,ADAM13 促进经典 Wnt 信号和早期 CNC 诱导。