Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Semin Oncol. 2010 Jun;37(3):258-81. doi: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2010.06.014.
Botanical and nutritional compounds have been used for the treatment of cancer throughout history. These compounds also may be useful in the prevention of cancer. Population studies suggest that a reduced risk of cancer is associated with high consumption of vegetables and fruits. Thus, the cancer chemopreventive potential of naturally occurring phytochemicals is of great interest. There are numerous reports of cancer chemopreventive activity of dietary botanicals, including cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage and broccoli, Allium vegetables such as garlic and onion, green tea, Citrus fruits, soybeans, tomatoes, berries, and ginger, as well as medicinal plants. Several lead compounds, such as genistein (from soybeans), lycopene (from tomatoes), brassinin (from cruciferous vegetables), sulforaphane (from asparagus), indole-3-carbinol (from broccoli), and resveratrol (from grapes and peanuts) are in preclinical or clinical trials for cancer chemoprevention. Phytochemicals have great potential in cancer prevention because of their safety, low cost, and oral bioavailability. In this review, we discuss potential natural cancer preventive compounds and their mechanisms of action.
植物和营养化合物在历史上一直被用于癌症的治疗。这些化合物也可能对癌症的预防有用。人群研究表明，蔬菜和水果的高摄入量与癌症风险降低有关。因此，天然植物化学物质的癌症化学预防潜力引起了极大的关注。有许多关于膳食植物的癌症化学预防活性的报道，包括十字花科蔬菜，如白菜和西兰花，大蒜和洋葱等葱属蔬菜，绿茶，柑橘类水果，大豆，西红柿，浆果和姜，以及药用植物。一些先导化合物，如来自大豆的染料木黄酮，来自西红柿的番茄红素，来自十字花科蔬菜的萝卜硫素，来自芦笋的萝卜硫素，来自西兰花的吲哚-3-甲醇，以及来自葡萄和花生的白藜芦醇，正在进行癌症化学预防的临床前或临床试验。由于植物化学物质具有安全性、低成本和口服生物利用度，因此在癌症预防方面具有巨大的潜力。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了潜在的天然癌症预防化合物及其作用机制。
