Perinatal & neonatal mortality in a hospital.

A total of 7109 consecutive births were studied over four years to assess perinatal and neonatal mortality. The extended perinatal mortality rate was 57 while conventional perinatal mortality rate (PNMR) was 41 per 1000 total births. Perinatal hypoxia (28.7%), immaturity (24.8%), congenital malformations (14.6%) and infections (5.6%) accounted for most perinatal deaths. The ranking of causes of neonatal deaths was immaturity, birth asphyxia, bacterial infections and congenital malformations. Neonatal mortality rate was 31 per 1000 live births and nearly 90 per cent mortality occurred in low birth weight (LBW) neonates. Hyaline membrane disease accounted for 13.4 per cent of early neonatal deaths. The case fatality rate among LBW babies and preterm babies was 10 per cent and 20 per cent respectively. There is a need to identify strategies to reduce the incidence of prematurity and LBW babies. Comprehensive antenatal coverage and adequate care followed by optimal management of infants at birth is likely to reduce PNMR and improve quality of life among the survivors.