Institute of Anatomy, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
Antioxid Redox Signal. 2011 Aug 15;15(4):981-95. doi: 10.1089/ars.2010.3507. Epub 2011 Jan 7.
Tissue regeneration and several diseases such as tumor and atherosclerosis depend on new vessel formation by both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Endothelial cells (ECs) are widely considered to be the active cellular component in these processes, followed by contractile cells such as pericytes and smooth muscle cells. The best known sources providing these cell types or their progenitors are ECs lining the vessel lumen and bone marrow. As easily evident, the vessel wall was recognized as being a passive player to a great extent except ECs of the vascular intima. Particularly, the vascular adventitia has been considered as a passive layer rather than an active part of the vessel wall. But results provided during the last few years have led to a revision of this classical view because of an apparent stem cell niche function of the vascular adventitia. This review aims to sum up findings identifying the vessel wall as an important stem cell reservoir and discusses its impact on health and disease.
组织再生和一些疾病，如肿瘤和动脉粥样硬化，依赖于血管生成和血管发生来形成新的血管。内皮细胞（ECs）被广泛认为是这些过程中的活跃细胞成分，其次是收缩细胞，如周细胞和平滑肌细胞。提供这些细胞类型或其祖细胞的最佳来源是血管腔内皮细胞和骨髓。显而易见的是，血管壁在很大程度上被认为是一个被动的参与者，除了血管内皮层的 ECs。特别是，血管外膜一直被认为是一个被动的层，而不是血管壁的一个活跃部分。但是，过去几年的研究结果导致对这一经典观点进行了修正，因为血管外膜具有明显的干细胞龛功能。这篇综述旨在总结将血管壁作为重要的干细胞库的发现，并讨论其对健康和疾病的影响。
