Center for Health Communications, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2010 Oct;12(10):989-96. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntq133. Epub 2010 Aug 16.
Tobacco treatment programs may be offered in clinical settings, at work-sites, via telephone helplines, or over the Internet. Little comparative data exist regarding the real-world effectiveness of these programs. This paper compares the reach, effectiveness, and costs of these different modes of cessation assistance.
This is an observational study of cohorts of participants in Minnesota's QUITPLAN programs in 2004. Cessation assistance was provided in person at 9 treatment centers, using group counseling at 68 work-sites, via a telephone helpline, or via the Internet. The main outcomes of the study are enrollment by current smokers, self-reported 30-day abstinence, and cost per quit. Reach was calculated statewide for the helpline and Web site, regionally for the treatment centers, and for the employee population for work-site programs.
Enrollment was greatest for the Web site (n = 4,698), followed by the helpline (n = 2,351), treatment centers (n = 616), and work-sites (n = 479). The Web site attracted younger smokers. Smokers at treatment centers had higher levels of nicotine dependence. The helpline reached more socially disadvantaged smokers. Responder 30-day abstinence rates were higher for the helpline (29.3%), treatment centers (25.8%), and work-sites (19.6%) compared with the online program (12.5%). These differences persisted after controlling for baseline differences in participant characteristics and use of pharmacological therapy. The cost per quit was lowest for the Web site program ($291 per quit, 95% CI = $229-$372).
Treatment center, work-site, helpline, and Web site programs differ in their reach, effectiveness, and estimated cost per quit. Each program plays a part in assisting populations of tobacco users in quitting.
烟草治疗方案可能在临床环境中、工作场所、通过电话帮助热线或互联网提供。关于这些方案在现实世界中的实际效果，很少有比较数据。本文比较了这些不同戒烟辅助模式的覆盖范围、效果和成本。
这是对明尼苏达州 QUITPLAN 计划 2004 年参与者队列的观察性研究。在 9 个治疗中心提供面对面的戒烟援助，在 68 个工作场所通过小组咨询、电话帮助热线或互联网提供。研究的主要结果是当前吸烟者的参与率、自我报告的 30 天戒烟率和每个戒烟者的成本。全州范围内计算了电话帮助热线和网站的覆盖范围，区域内计算了治疗中心的覆盖范围，以及为工作场所方案计算了员工人群的覆盖范围。
网站（n = 4698）的参与人数最多，其次是电话帮助热线（n = 2351）、治疗中心（n = 616）和工作场所（n = 479）。网站吸引了更年轻的吸烟者。治疗中心的吸烟者尼古丁依赖程度更高。电话帮助热线覆盖了更多社会劣势的吸烟者。与在线计划（12.5%）相比，电话帮助热线（29.3%）、治疗中心（25.8%）和工作场所（19.6%）的应答者 30 天戒烟率更高。在控制了参与者特征和药物治疗使用方面的基线差异后，这些差异仍然存在。每个戒烟者的成本最低的是网站计划（$291 每个戒烟者，95%CI = $229-$372）。
治疗中心、工作场所、帮助热线和网站计划在其覆盖范围、效果和估计每个戒烟者的成本方面存在差异。每个方案都在帮助不同的烟草使用者群体戒烟方面发挥作用。
