Andersen Ulla Overgaard, Jensen Gorm B
Department of Epidemiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Sortedam Dossering 93B, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2010 Dec;17(6):655-9. doi: 10.1097/HJR.0b013e328336ec59.
This study aimed to evaluate within-population trends in population blood pressure (BP) over 25 years and to identify important determinants for a changing population BP.
Copenhagen City Heart Study is a prospective longitudinal epidemiological study. The study population (15 508) did not receive antihypertensive therapy.
The BP measurement was fully standardized and measurement method was unchanged throughout the observation period. A questionnaire concerning drinking habits, smoking, medical therapy and physical exercise was completed by the participants and double checked by the technicians.
After an initial increase, population systolic BP (SBP) decreased. All risk factors were tested in the longitudinal model by means of a residual likelihood ratio test. The final model included sex, age and body mass index as significant factors and covariates. Two interactions were included. The first interaction 'age×sex' showed that the sex differences diminished with age. The second interaction 'age×survey' showed that the value of SBP in the young generations decreased survey by survey. SBP in the elderly also decreased survey by survey, but to a lesser degree. Diastolic BP (DBP) increased to a peak value in survey 3 and hereafter decreased.
SBP decreased. body mass index, sex and age have an effect on population BP. A decreasing trend in SBP among new entrants is responsible for (part of) the observed decrease in population SBP. The decreasing SBP among the elderly was affected by the fact that an increasing number of the elderly population started antihypertensive medication. DBP decreased, but none of the investigated factors affected DBP.
本研究旨在评估25年间人群血压（BP）的群体内变化趋势，并确定人群血压变化的重要决定因素。
哥本哈根城市心脏研究是一项前瞻性纵向流行病学研究。研究人群（15508人）未接受抗高血压治疗。
血压测量完全标准化，且在整个观察期内测量方法保持不变。参与者完成了一份关于饮酒习惯、吸烟、药物治疗和体育锻炼的问卷，并由技术人员进行了二次检查。
在最初的上升之后，人群收缩压（SBP）下降。通过残差似然比检验在纵向模型中对所有风险因素进行了测试。最终模型将性别、年龄和体重指数作为显著因素和协变量纳入。包含了两个相互作用项。第一个相互作用项“年龄×性别”表明性别差异随年龄减小。第二个相互作用项“年龄×调查”表明年轻一代的收缩压值逐次调查下降。老年人的收缩压也逐次调查下降，但降幅较小。舒张压（DBP）在第3次调查时升至峰值，此后下降。
收缩压下降。体重指数、性别和年龄对人群血压有影响。新进入者收缩压的下降趋势是观察到的人群收缩压下降（部分）原因。老年人收缩压的下降受到越来越多老年人口开始服用抗高血压药物这一事实的影响。舒张压下降，但所研究的因素均未影响舒张压。
