Christensen A, Shenk J L
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1991 Jun;59(3):458-63. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.59.3.458.
This study compared communication patterns and conflicts over psychological distance in 25 nondistressed couples, 15 clinic couples, and 22 divorcing couples. Data consisted of questionnaire reports completed independently by husbands and wives. The two distressed groups, compared with nondistressed couples, had less mutual constructive communication, more avoidance of communication, more demand/withdraw communication, and more conflict over psychological distance in their relationships. In addition, the divorcing group had less mutual constructive communication than the clinic group and evidenced a trend for more conflict over psychological distance than the clinic group. Consistent with past research, wife demand/husband withdraw communication was more likely across all groups than husband demand/wife withdraw communication. Results are discussed in terms of skills deficits and incompatability models of marital discord.
本研究比较了25对非苦恼夫妻、15对临床夫妻和22对正在离婚的夫妻在心理距离方面的沟通模式和冲突情况。数据由丈夫和妻子独立完成的问卷调查组成。与非苦恼夫妻相比，两个苦恼组在关系中相互建设性沟通较少、更多地回避沟通、更多地采用要求/退缩沟通方式，并且在心理距离上存在更多冲突。此外，正在离婚的夫妻组比临床夫妻组相互建设性沟通更少，且在心理距离上的冲突比临床夫妻组有增加的趋势。与过去的研究一致，在所有组中，妻子要求/丈夫退缩的沟通方式比丈夫要求/妻子退缩的沟通方式更常见。研究结果从婚姻不和的技能缺陷模型和不相容模型的角度进行了讨论。
