D'Errico Nicole C, Wake Christopher M, Wake Rachel M
Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Florida, USA.
Med Confl Surviv. 2010 Apr-Jun;26(2):145-59. doi: 10.1080/13623699.2010.491390.
Whilst there are convincing theoretical arguments about the peace-building potential of the health sector, case studies documenting its interventions remain limited. This article contributes to the existing 'Peace through Health' literature by considering the model of HEAL Africa, a health-based non-governmental organization operating in Eastern Congo. Several of HEAL Africa's projects seek to prevent and reduce key risk factors; for conflict, and to contribute to longer term rehabilitation. Many of these interventions are born out of HEAL's emphasis on providing emergency health care--and the neutrality, legitimacy, access and longevity which this generates. However, this focus also tends to act as a limiting factor on the application and resourcing of its conflict prevention and reconstruction efforts. Whilst this case study warns against overstating the potential role of the health sector in promoting peace, HEAL's activities provide evidence of the types of positive contributions that can be made in practice. The role of the health sector, equipped as it is with useful tools for conflict transformation, should therefore be considered more proactively by the peace-building community.
尽管关于卫生部门在建设和平方面的潜力存在令人信服的理论论据，但记录其干预措施的案例研究仍然有限。本文通过考察“治愈非洲”（HEAL Africa）的模式，为现有的“通过健康实现和平”文献做出了贡献。“治愈非洲”是一个在刚果东部开展业务的以健康为基础的非政府组织。“治愈非洲”的几个项目旨在预防和减少冲突的关键风险因素，并为长期康复做出贡献。其中许多干预措施源于“治愈非洲”对提供紧急医疗保健的重视，以及由此产生的中立性、合法性、可及性和持久性。然而，这一重点也往往成为其预防冲突和重建努力的应用及资源配置的限制因素。尽管本案例研究提醒人们不要夸大卫生部门在促进和平方面的潜在作用，但“治愈非洲”的活动提供了在实践中可以做出的积极贡献类型的证据。因此，建设和平界应更积极地考虑配备了有助于冲突转化的有用工具的卫生部门的作用。
