Department of Public Administration, University of Texas at San Antonio, TX 78207, United States.
Disasters. 2011 Jan;35(1):45-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7717.2010.01192.x. Epub 2010 Aug 16.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of information technology (IT) on emergency preparedness and planning by analysing a survey of US state government departments of emergency management. The research results show that there has been a significant impact of IT on emergency planning. IT has proven to be effective for all phases of emergency management, but especially for the response phase. There are numerous technologies used in emergency management, ranging from the internet, Geographic Information Systems and wireless technologies to more advanced hazard analysis models. All were generally viewed as being effective. Lack of financial resources and support from elected officials is a perennial problem in public administration, and was found to be prevalent in this study of IT and emergency management. There was evidence that state governments rating high on a performance index were more likely to use IT for emergency management.
本文旨在通过对美国州政府应急管理部门的调查，分析信息技术（IT）对应急准备和规划的影响。研究结果表明，IT 对应急规划产生了重大影响。IT 已被证明对突发事件管理的所有阶段都有效，但在响应阶段尤其有效。在应急管理中使用了许多技术，包括互联网、地理信息系统和无线技术，以及更先进的危险分析模型。所有这些技术通常都被认为是有效的。缺乏财政资源和民选官员的支持是公共行政中长期存在的问题，在这项关于 IT 和应急管理的研究中也发现了这一问题。有证据表明，在绩效指数上得分较高的州政府更有可能将 IT 用于应急管理。
