Bioorganische Chemie, Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Ökologie, Jena, Germany.
Plant Signal Behav. 2010 Aug;5(8):988-90. doi: 10.4161/psb.5.8.12223. Epub 2010 Aug 1.
Systemic signals induced by wounding and/or pathogen or herbivore attack may be realized by either chemical or mechanical signals. In plants a variety of electrical phenomena have been described and may be considered as signal-transducing events; such as variation potentials (VPs) and action potentials (APs) which propagate over long distances and hence are able to carry information from organ to organ. In addition, we recently described a new type of electrical long-distance signal that propagates systemically, i.e. from leaf to leaf, the 'system potential' (SP). This was possible only by establishing a non-invasive method with micro-electrodes positioned in sub-stomatal cavities of open stomata and recording apoplastic responses. Using this technical approach, we investigated the function of the peptaibole alamethicin (ALA), a channel-forming peptide from Trichoderma viride, which is widely used as agent to induce various physiological and defence responses in eukaryotic cells including plants. Although the ability of ALA to initiate changes in membrane potentials in plants has always been postulated it has never been demonstrated. Here we show that both local and long-distance electrical signals, namely depolarization, can be induced by ALA treatment.
创伤和/或病原体或食草动物攻击引发的系统信号可以通过化学信号或机械信号来实现。在植物中，已经描述了多种电现象，并且可以将其视为信号转导事件；例如变极化（VP）和动作电位（AP），它们可以长距离传播，因此能够将信息从器官传递到器官。此外，我们最近描述了一种新型的电长距离信号，它可以系统地传播，即从叶到叶，称为“系统电势”（SP）。只有通过在开放气孔的亚气孔腔中定位微电极并记录质外体响应来建立非侵入性方法，这才成为可能。使用这种技术方法，我们研究了来自木霉的肽类抗生素 alamethicin (ALA) 的功能，ALAMEThicin 是一种通道形成肽，广泛用于诱导真核细胞（包括植物）中的各种生理和防御反应。尽管一直假设 ALA 能够引发植物膜电位变化，但从未得到证实。在这里，我们表明，ALA 处理可以诱导局部和长距离电信号，即去极化。
