Scarborough D R, Waizenhofer Susan, Siekemeyer Leah, Hughes Michael
Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA.
J Clin Ultrasound. 2010 Oct;38(8):430-4. doi: 10.1002/jcu.20733.
This study explored normative parameters regarding maximum displacement of hyoid bone movement during spontaneous swallows using ultrasound (US) in a sample of healthy preschool children. We hypothesized that consistency and bolus size would influence hyoid movement, but gender would not be a factor.
Parental questionnaire responses and sensorimotor examinations were utilized to determine subject eligibility. Subjects were presented randomized bolus volumes of thin liquids/puree via a spoon while the US probe was placed submentally in the midsagittal plane. Maximum hyoid bone displacement was determined following a frame-by-frame analysis of the US recording during spontaneous swallowing of discrete bolus sizes.
Twenty-nine subjects produced 346 swallows that were subsequently analyzed. Significant findings (p < 0.05) included a gender effect with the smallest bolus of liquids presented. Bootstrap estimates based on our sample revealed that 99% of preschool children would present with hyoid bone displacement within 0.3 cm of our sample.
Based on our early experience, we were able to observe and measure changes in hyoid bone position during swallowing in preschoolers, which may be gender related. More studies are needed to corroborate our findings. In addition, comparisons of maximum hyoid displacement are warranted in subjects that present with feeding delays.
本研究探讨了在健康学龄前儿童样本中，使用超声（US）测量自发吞咽过程中舌骨最大位移的标准参数。我们假设连贯性和食团大小会影响舌骨运动，但性别不会是一个影响因素。
利用家长问卷回答和感觉运动检查来确定受试者的资格。当超声探头置于颏下正中矢状面时，通过勺子向受试者随机提供不同体积的稀液体/泥状食物。在对离散食团大小的自发吞咽过程中的超声记录进行逐帧分析后，确定舌骨的最大位移。
29名受试者共产生346次吞咽动作，随后进行了分析。显著结果（p < 0.05）包括在提供最小体积的液体时存在性别效应。基于我们样本的自助法估计显示，99%的学龄前儿童舌骨位移在我们样本的0.3厘米范围内。
基于我们早期的经验，我们能够观察和测量学龄前儿童吞咽过程中舌骨位置的变化，这可能与性别有关。需要更多的研究来证实我们的发现。此外，对于存在喂养延迟的受试者，有必要对舌骨最大位移进行比较。
