Dezuari Edgard
Mohammed V University.
Int Soc Sci J. 2009;60(197-198):445-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2451.2010.01734.x.
This study aims to illustrate how residential morphology and home-use patterns reflect the transition from semi-nomadism to an urban lifestyle undergone by the Bedouin of the Negev (Israel). Thirty houses and 300 building plans were studied while planners, builders and residents were interviewed. Three types of buildings and home-use patterns were identified. Each type corresponds to a stage in the Bedouin adaptation to urban life in government resettlement towns. The state encourages resettlement by selling developed land at a low price and providing access to subsidies and mortgages, while refusing to develop property and not hesitating to demolish houses built on tribal sites. The houses built over the past 30 years are indicators of Bedouin lifestyle adaptation, as the Bedouin have been increasingly involved in their design. The empirical basis for this study is an analysis of the houses in Tel Sheva, the first of seven resettlement towns built for the Bedouin in the Negev. The houses considered were built between 1972 and 2002, with 1972 marking the beginning of the period in which the Build-your-own-home development scheme was applied to the Bedouin, a scheme in which plots of about 1,000m2 are allocated and owners are responsible for building on them.
本研究旨在阐明居住形态和家庭使用模式如何反映内盖夫（以色列）贝都因人从半游牧生活向城市生活方式的转变。研究了30所房屋和300份建筑平面图，并采访了规划师、建筑商和居民。确定了三种类型的建筑和家庭使用模式。每种类型对应于贝都因人在政府安置城镇适应城市生活的一个阶段。国家通过低价出售已开发土地并提供补贴和抵押贷款来鼓励安置，同时拒绝开发房产，并且毫不犹豫地拆除建在部落土地上的房屋。过去30年建造的房屋是贝都因人生活方式适应的指标，因为贝都因人越来越多地参与到房屋设计中。本研究的实证基础是对泰勒谢瓦的房屋进行分析，泰勒谢瓦是为内盖夫的贝都因人建造的七个安置城镇中的第一个。所考虑的房屋建于1972年至2002年之间，1972年标志着“自建家园”发展计划应用于贝都因人的时期开始，该计划中分配了约1000平方米的地块，业主负责在上面建造房屋。
