Beatty W W, Monson N
Clinical Neuroscience Research Program, North Dakota State University, Fargo.
J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 1990 Oct-Dec;3(4):192-7. doi: 10.1177/089198879000300403.
A recent report found that the discrepancy between scaled scores on the Vocabulary and Picture Arrangement subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) was much larger for patients with Parkinson's disease than for healthy controls or patients with Alzheimer's disease. On this basis, it was argued that Parkinson's disease causes a specific deficit in cognitive sequencing that occurs even when the memory and speed requirements of the task are minimal. However, other work indicated that Parkinson's disease patients are almost as severely impaired on other Performance subtests from the WAIS-R that do not require sequencing. In the present study, an extremely simple, untimed test of picture sequencing and a version of the Luria three-step test of motor sequencing were employed. Parkinson's disease patients were impaired on both tasks. The extent of their impairments on picture and motor sequencing were positively correlated, and the severity of deficits on both sequencing tests was related to global mental status and to performance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, but not to neurologic measures of disease severity. However, the patients' performance on the picture sequencing test but not on the motor sequencing test was related to performance on Benton's Facial Recognition Test. These results demonstrate the existence of a generalized sequencing deficit in Parkinson's disease that appears dissociable from impairment in performing simple motor acts.
最近的一份报告发现，帕金森病患者在韦氏成人智力量表修订版（WAIS-R）的词汇和图片排列子测验中的量表分数差异，比健康对照组或阿尔茨海默病患者要大得多。基于此，有人认为帕金森病会导致一种特定的认知序列缺陷，即使任务对记忆和速度的要求很低时这种缺陷也会出现。然而，其他研究表明，帕金森病患者在WAIS-R的其他不需要序列操作的操作子测验中也几乎同样严重受损。在本研究中，采用了一种极其简单的、不限时的图片序列测试和卢里亚三步运动序列测试的一个版本。帕金森病患者在这两项任务中均受损。他们在图片和运动序列方面的受损程度呈正相关，并且两项序列测试中的缺陷严重程度与整体精神状态以及威斯康星卡片分类测试的表现有关，但与疾病严重程度的神经学指标无关。然而，患者在图片序列测试中的表现与本顿面部识别测试的表现有关，而在运动序列测试中的表现则不然。这些结果表明，帕金森病存在一种普遍的序列缺陷，这种缺陷似乎与执行简单运动行为的损伤无关。
