Freedman M
Department of Medicine (Division of Neurology), University of Toronto.
Brain Cogn. 1990 Nov;14(2):134-43. doi: 10.1016/0278-2626(90)90025-j.
Previous performance on measures of frontal system function have suggested prominent orbitofrontal system damage in Alzheimer's disease, but not in Parkinson's dementia. Object alternation (OA), a task sensitive to orbitofrontal system dysfunction in non-human animals, was therefore administered to determine whether this measure would distinguish Alzheimer's from Parkinson's dementia. OA was significantly impaired in Alzheimer's disease compared to Parkinson's dementia, even though both groups were equated for severity of dementia. Although the patients with Parkinson's dementia also showed impairment on OA compared to normals, an error analysis revealed that the performance of the Alzheimer's patients, but not the Parkinson's patients, was characterized by abnormal response perseveration. The marked perseverative deficit in Alzheimer's disease may reflect orbitofrontal system dysfunction whereas the milder, and qualitatively different, deficits in Parkinson's disease may reflect dorsolateral frontal system involvement.
以往对额叶系统功能指标的研究表明，阿尔茨海默病存在明显的眶额系统损害，而帕金森病性痴呆则不然。因此，进行了物体交替（OA）任务，该任务对非人类动物的眶额系统功能障碍敏感，以确定该指标是否能区分阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病性痴呆。与帕金森病性痴呆相比，阿尔茨海默病患者的OA任务表现明显受损，尽管两组痴呆严重程度相当。虽然帕金森病性痴呆患者与正常人相比在OA任务上也表现出损害，但错误分析显示，阿尔茨海默病患者的表现特征为异常的反应持续性，而帕金森病患者并非如此。阿尔茨海默病中明显的持续性缺陷可能反映了眶额系统功能障碍，而帕金森病中较轻且性质不同的缺陷可能反映了背外侧额叶系统的受累。
