Clinical value of conjunctival allergen challenge in diagnosing allergic conjunctivitis related to latex.

BACKGROUND

The clinical value of conjunctival allergen challenge (CAC) with latex allergen in patients with allergic conjunctivitis remains undefined. The aim of this study was to assess the value of conjunctival allergen challenge with latex extract in a group of patients with latex sensitization and a history of conjunctivitis after contact with latex products.

METHODS

Fifty patients who had symptoms of conjunctivitis following contact with latex were studied. The control group consisted of 30 subjects without any symptoms of conjunctivitis, negative skin prick test and sIgE <0.35 kU/l for latex. Questionnaires on signs and symptoms, skin prick tests with latex, sIgE and CAC with latex extract were administered. The study was performed at the Department of Allergology of the Medical University of Gdansk in Poland.

RESULTS

CAC with latex was positive in 46 patients (92%) and in none of the control group. CAC was the most sensitive diagnostic method (92% sensitivity and 100% specificity). The sensitivity of other methods (skin prick test and sIgE) was lower: 84 and 88%, respectively. Provocation did not induce any serious adverse events.

CONCLUSION

Our study demonstrated the high sensitivity and safety of CAC with the extract of latex allergens in the diagnosis of patients with latex allergy. This method may be considered a diagnostic option in cases with uncertain diagnosis.