Van Hout Marie Claire
Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
J Ethn Subst Abuse. 2010;9(3):186-205. doi: 10.1080/15332640.2010.500583.
The Irish Traveller community experiences severe marginalization, poverty, discrimination, and compromised health. Research indicates a distinct lack of structural understanding of Traveller negotiation of conflict within dominant sedentarist societal norms and values. Gender-based focus groups (n = 12) of Travellers (n = 57) were conducted as part of a large scale regional needs analysis for Travellers and substance use in Ireland and analyzed thematically using the social capital framework in terms of Traveller experiences within settled communities, exposure to drugs, and drug using contexts. Discriminatory experiences, low levels of institutional trust, and an influx of drug activity in Traveller communities are contributing to the neutralization of drug taking risk and the development of normative and reciprocal relationships in drug activities. A holistic, inter-governmental approach is needed to address social exclusion factors by reducing marginalization, preserving the Traveller ethnic identity, minimizing racist and discriminatory instances, understanding the Traveller risk environment, and fostering inclusive relationships with settled communities.
爱尔兰游民群体面临严重的边缘化、贫困、歧视和健康问题。研究表明，在占主导地位的定居社会规范和价值观中，对游民如何应对冲突缺乏结构性理解。作为爱尔兰游民及药物使用大规模区域需求分析的一部分，开展了以性别为基础的焦点小组访谈（共12个小组，57名游民参与），并运用社会资本框架，从游民在定居社区的经历、接触毒品的情况以及吸毒背景等方面进行了主题分析。歧视性经历、对机构的低信任度以及游民社区毒品活动的涌入，正促使吸毒风险被中和，以及毒品活动中规范和互惠关系的形成。需要采取一种全面的政府间方法，通过减少边缘化、维护游民的民族身份、尽量减少种族主义和歧视事件、了解游民的风险环境以及促进与定居社区的包容关系，来解决社会排斥因素。
