Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
Cytoskeleton (Hoboken). 2010 Oct;67(10):630-4. doi: 10.1002/cm.20475.
Although actin is often thought of as a single protein, in mammals it actually consists of six different isoforms encoded by separate genes. Each isoform is remarkably similar to every other isoform, with only slight variations in amino acid sequence. Nevertheless, recent work indicates that actin isoforms carry out unique cellular functions. Here, we review evidence drawn from localization studies, mouse models, and biochemical characterization to suggest a model for how in vivo mixing of actin isoforms may influence cytoskeletal function in cells.
尽管肌动蛋白通常被认为是一种单一的蛋白质，但在哺乳动物中，它实际上由六个不同的同工型组成，这些同工型由单独的基因编码。每个同工型与其他同工型非常相似，只有氨基酸序列的微小差异。然而，最近的研究表明，肌动蛋白同工型执行独特的细胞功能。在这里，我们回顾了从定位研究、小鼠模型和生化特性中得出的证据，提出了一个模型，说明肌动蛋白同工型在体内的混合如何影响细胞中的细胞骨架功能。
