Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Sleep Medicine Competence Center, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
Am J Hum Biol. 2010 Sep-Oct;22(5):613-8. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.21053.
The aim of the present double-blind, sham-controlled, balanced randomized cross-over study was to disentangle effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) and non-EMF effects of mobile phone base stations on objective and subjective sleep quality.
In total 397 residents aged 18-81 years (50.9% female) from 10 German sites, where no mobile phone service was available, were exposed to sham and GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications, 900 MHz and 1,800 MHz) base station signals by an experimental base station while their sleep was monitored at their homes during 12 nights. Participants were randomly exposed to real (GSM) or sham exposure for five nights each. Individual measurement of EMF exposure, questionnaires on sleep disorders, overall sleep quality, attitude towards mobile communication, and on subjective sleep quality (morning and evening protocols) as well as objective sleep data (frontal EEG and EOG recordings) were gathered.
Analysis of the subjective and objective sleep data did not reveal any significant differences between the real and sham condition. During sham exposure nights, objective and subjective sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, and subjective sleep latency were significantly worse in participants with concerns about possible health risks resulting from base stations than in participants who were not concerned.
The study did not provide any evidence for short-term physiological effects of EMF emitted by mobile phone base stations on objective and subjective sleep quality. However, the results indicate that mobile phone base stations as such (not the electromagnetic fields) may have a significant negative impact on sleep quality.
本双盲、 sham 对照、平衡随机交叉研究的目的是要区分电磁场（EMF）和移动电话基站的非 EMF 效应对客观和主观睡眠质量的影响。
共有来自 10 个德国地点的 397 名年龄在 18-81 岁的居民（50.9%为女性）参加了研究，这些地点没有移动电话服务，他们在自己家中睡觉时通过一个实验基站接受 sham 和 GSM（全球移动通信系统，900MHz 和 1800MHz）基站信号的暴露，共 12 晚。参与者被随机暴露于真实（GSM）或 sham 暴露 5 晚。个体电磁场暴露测量、睡眠障碍问卷、整体睡眠质量、对移动通信的态度以及主观睡眠质量（早晨和晚上协议）和客观睡眠数据（额部 EEG 和 EOG 记录）都进行了测量。
对主观和客观睡眠数据的分析并未显示真实和 sham 条件之间存在任何显著差异。在 sham 暴露的夜晚，有基站健康风险担忧的参与者的客观和主观睡眠效率、睡眠后觉醒和主观入睡潜伏期明显比没有担忧的参与者差。
该研究没有提供任何证据表明移动电话基站发射的电磁场对客观和主观睡眠质量有短期的生理影响。然而，结果表明移动电话基站本身（而不是电磁场）可能对睡眠质量有显著的负面影响。
