Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biomedical & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
J Fish Biol. 2009 Nov;75(8):1943-76. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02420.x.
Niko Tinbergen chose the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus for his classic behavioural studies because they are small, robust, common and easy to house in the laboratory under reasonably natural conditions and also because their behaviour, while sufficiently simple to be tractable, is still sufficiently complex to be interesting. An analysis of citation records shows that this was an inspired choice. Research on these small fish has addressed all four of Tinbergen's famous questions (causation, development, functions and evolution) and has contributed to the understanding of many different behavioural systems. The G. aculeatus literature is used here to explore several themes in fundamental behavioural biology (diet choice, shoaling, behavioural syndromes and sexual signalling) and the extent to which research using G. aculeatus has informed both fundamental and applied behavioural biology, the latter in the context of aquaculture research.
尼可·廷伯根选择三刺鱼作为他经典行为研究的对象，因为它们体型小、健壮、常见，并且易于在实验室中以合理的自然条件饲养，还因为它们的行为虽然足够简单，可以处理，但仍然足够复杂，很有趣。对引文记录的分析表明，这是一个明智的选择。对这些小鱼的研究解决了廷伯根的四个著名问题（因果关系、发展、功能和进化），并有助于理解许多不同的行为系统。本文使用 G. aculeatus 的文献来探讨基础行为生物学中的几个主题（饮食选择、聚群行为、行为综合征和性信号），以及使用 G. aculeatus 的研究在多大程度上为基础和应用行为生物学提供了信息，后者是在水产养殖研究的背景下。
