Laboratory of Adhesion and Bio-Composites, Program in Environmental Materials Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Mar 15;187(1-3):37-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.07.075. Epub 2010 Aug 23.
Various experiments, such as the thermal extract (TE) method, field and emission cell (FLEC) method and 20 L small chamber, were performed to examine the total volatile organic compound (TVOC) emissions from bio-composites. The TVOC of neat poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was ranged from 0.26 mg/m(2)h to 4.11 mg/m(2)h with increasing temperature. For both PLA bio-composites with pineapple flour and destarched cassava flour, the temperature increased from 0.30 mg/m(2)h to 3.72 mg/m(2)h and from 0.19 mg/m(2)h to 8.74 mg/m(2)h, respectively. The TVOC emission factors of all samples increased gradually with increasing temperature. Above 70°C, both PLA-P and PLA-C composites had higher TVOC emission factors than neat PLA due to the rapid emission of natural volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as furfural (2-furancarboxyaldehyde). PLA composites containing 30 wt% flour had high 1,4-dioxane reduction ability, >50%. The TVOC of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) was emitted rapidly from 50 °C to 90 °C due to succinic acid from the pyrolysis of PBS. The TVOC emission factors of PLA bio-composite and PBS bio-composites were reduced using the bake-out method (temperature at 70 °C and baking time 5h). The initial TVOC emission factors of the PLA and PBS bio-composites with pineapple flour and destarched cassava flour were reduced by the baking treatment using FLEC. The TVOC factors from PLA and PBS decreased until 5 days and were commonly maintained a relatively constant value after 5 days using 20L small chamber. The decrease in TVOC emission showed a similar trend to that of the TE and FLEC method. This method confirmed the beneficial effect of the baking treatment effect for polypropylene and linear density polyethylene (LDPE).
采用热萃取（TE）法、场发射和发射池（FLEC）法和 20L 小室等多种实验方法，考察了生物复合材料的总挥发性有机化合物（TVOC）释放量。纯聚乳酸（PLA）的 TVOC 随温度升高，从 0.26mg/m(2)h 到 4.11mg/m(2)h 逐渐增大。对于添加菠萝叶粉和脱胶木薯粉的 PLA 生物复合材料，温度从 0.30mg/m(2)h 增加到 3.72mg/m(2)h 和 0.19mg/m(2)h 增加到 8.74mg/m(2)h。所有样品的 TVOC 排放因子随温度的升高逐渐增大。70°C 以上时，由于天然挥发性有机化合物（VOC）如糠醛（2-糠醛）的快速释放，PLA-P 和 PLA-C 复合材料的 TVOC 排放因子均高于纯 PLA。含 30wt%面粉的 PLA 复合材料具有较高的 1,4-二恶烷还原能力，>50%。聚丁二酸丁二醇酯（PBS）的 TVOC 从 50°C 到 90°C 迅速释放，这是由于 PBS 热解产生的丁二酸。采用烘烤法（温度 70°C，烘烤时间 5h）降低 PLA 生物复合材料和 PBS 生物复合材料的 TVOC 排放因子。采用 FLEC 对添加菠萝叶粉和脱胶木薯粉的 PLA 和 PBS 生物复合材料进行烘烤处理，降低了其初始 TVOC 排放因子。使用 20L 小室，PLA 和 PBS 的 TVOC 因子在 5 天内下降，5 天后通常保持相对稳定的值。TVOC 排放的减少与 TE 和 FLEC 方法的趋势相似。该方法证实了烘烤处理对线型低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）和聚丙烯的有益效果。
