Shah N R, Wallis W
Department of Cardiology, Watford General Hospital, Watford, Hertfordshire, UK.
J Postgrad Med. 2010 Jul-Sep;56(3):209-11. doi: 10.4103/0022-3859.68631.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) is a condition which was first acknowledged in Japan and is characterized by a reversible systolic dysfunction of the apical or mid segments of the left ventricle. Typically affecting women in the post-menopausal population, it is triggered by intense emotional, physical or medical stress. Also known as apical ballooning syndrome or stress cardiomyopathy, TC derives its name from the left ventricular angiographic appearance of a 'Takotsubo', literally translated as an 'octopus fishing trap' in Japanese. Patients often describe chest pain, have ischemic electrocardiogram (ECG) changes and positive cardiac enzymes mimicking an acute coronary syndrome. Obstructive coronary artery disease is excluded with prompt cardiac catheterization. We present the case of a 78-year-old lady, post gynecological surgery, presenting with palpitations and ECG confirming fast atrial fibrillation. Despite spontaneous cardioversion, she went on to develop ECG changes and cardiac enzyme elevations suggestive of an acute myocardial infarction. Cardiac catheterization was performed and confirmed the diagnosis of TC. It highlights an atypical presentation of TC, which can present initially as an arrhythmia in the postoperative phase as a consequence of the supraphysiological effects of elevated circulating plasma catecholamines. It reiterates the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent cardiac decompensation in a condition poorly understood.
应激性心肌病(TC)是一种最早在日本被认识的病症,其特征为左心室心尖段或中间段出现可逆性收缩功能障碍。它通常影响绝经后人群中的女性,由强烈的情绪、身体或医疗应激引发。TC也被称为心尖气球样综合征或应激性心肌病,其名称源于左心室血管造影呈现出的“章鱼篓”样外观,在日语中直译为“章鱼捕鱼陷阱”。患者常诉说胸痛,有缺血性心电图(ECG)改变且心肌酶阳性,酷似急性冠状动脉综合征。通过快速心脏导管插入术排除阻塞性冠状动脉疾病。我们报告一例78岁女性病例,该患者妇科手术后出现心悸,心电图证实为快速心房颤动。尽管自行复律,但她随后出现心电图改变和心肌酶升高,提示急性心肌梗死。进行了心脏导管插入术,确诊为应激性心肌病。该病例突出了应激性心肌病的非典型表现,它最初可在术后阶段因循环血浆儿茶酚胺升高的超生理效应而表现为心律失常。这再次强调了在这种了解甚少的病症中及时诊断和治疗以预防心脏失代偿的重要性。