Department of Human Nutrition, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Nutr Res. 2010 Jul;30(7):477-82. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2010.07.003.
Bone health, decreased risk of certain cancers, heart disease, and stroke has been associated with the consumption of fruits. These and other health benefits, such as feeling better and weight loss, have been identified as intrinsic motivators for consumers to increase their consumption of fruits. Thus, if individuals believe more could be gained than lost (decisional balance) by increasing their fruit intake, it is likely that they will consume more. However, despite fruits' positive effect on health, young adults and individuals with low incomes, limited education, or low self-efficacy consume insufficient amounts. To determine variables associated with increased fruit consumption, we hypothesized that decisional balance pros for health and weight would be associated with increased fruit consumption in young adults with low incomes. We surveyed 235 respondents between the ages of 18 and 24 years, with an annual income less than $25,000. Multiple regression analysis measured the impact of the independent variables' (i.e., age, weight satisfaction, income, education, self-efficacy, and pros and cons decisional balance) association with fruit consumption. The decisional balance pros was significantly (F = 2.189, P = .036) associated with overall fruit consumption. Respondents consumed 1.94 +/- 1.64 cups of fruit daily, with fruit juices consumed in greater amounts than any other form of fruit. Decisional balance questions relating to health (P < .05) and weight (P < .01) were significantly related to increased whole fruit intake. Results of this study suggest that decisional balance pros for health and weight can be used to predict whole-fruit consumption in low-income young adults.
骨骼健康、降低某些癌症、心脏病和中风的风险与水果的摄入有关。这些以及其他健康益处，如感觉更好和减肥，已被确定为消费者增加水果摄入量的内在动机。因此，如果个人认为通过增加水果摄入量可以获得更多的收益（决策平衡），那么他们就更有可能增加水果的摄入量。然而，尽管水果对健康有积极的影响，但年轻人和收入低、教育程度有限、自我效能感低的人摄入的水果量不足。为了确定与增加水果摄入量相关的变量，我们假设健康和体重的决策平衡正面因素与收入较低的年轻人增加水果摄入量有关。我们调查了 235 名年龄在 18 至 24 岁之间、年收入低于 25,000 美元的受访者。多元回归分析衡量了自变量（即年龄、体重满意度、收入、教育、自我效能和决策平衡的正反两方面）与水果摄入量的关联。决策平衡正面因素与整体水果摄入量显著相关（F = 2.189，P =.036）。受访者每天摄入 1.94 +/- 1.64 杯水果，果汁的摄入量大于任何其他形式的水果。与健康（P <.05）和体重（P <.01）相关的决策平衡问题与增加全水果摄入量显著相关。这项研究的结果表明，健康和体重的决策平衡正面因素可以用来预测低收入年轻人的全水果摄入量。
