Richards Amy, Kattelmann Kendra K, Ren Cuirong
Nutrition, Food Science, and Hospitality Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57707, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2006 Sep;106(9):1405-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2006.06.005.
This study assessed the effectiveness of a 4-month intervention using stage-based newsletters, computer-based communication, and motivational interviewing to increase fruit and vegetable consumption by college students aged 18 to 24 years.
Participants were stratified by stage of change for fruit and vegetable consumption and randomized to an intervention or control group. Participants completed the staging algorithm for fruit and vegetable intake, which included a one-item food frequency question, a 26-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), an 18-item decisional balance questionnaire, and a five-item self-efficacy questionnaire at baseline and completion of study.
A convenience sample of 437 college students enrolled in a rural, land grant university was enrolled in the study. Only nondietetics majors between ages 18 to 24 years were included in the study. A total of 314 students finished the study for a completion rate of 72%.
After baseline staging and randomization, the intervention group participants received four stage-based newsletters, one motivational interview, and an individually tailored e-mail follow-up over a 4-month period. Control group participants only received assessment at baseline and at completion.
Two fruit and vegetable instruments, a one-item food frequency question, and a 26-item FFQ measured daily consumption of fruits and vegetables at baseline and postintervention.
The SAS system for Windows, version 8 (1999, SAS Institute, Inc, Cary, NC), was used for analysis, including the following tests: PROC GLM, PROC FREQ, and PROC NPAR1WAY, Kruskal-Wallis, Fisher, Wilcoxon rank sum, and chi(2).
Fruit and vegetable consumption increased significantly more for the intervention group than the control group. Consumption increased in the intervention group by one serving a day for both instruments compared with 0.4 servings a day in the control group for a one-item instrument and no change in the control group for a 26-item FFQ.
This intervention is an effective way to increase fruit and vegetable consumption by young adults.
本研究评估了一项为期4个月的干预措施的有效性，该措施包括使用基于阶段的时事通讯、计算机辅助沟通以及动机访谈，以增加18至24岁大学生的水果和蔬菜摄入量。
参与者根据水果和蔬菜消费的改变阶段进行分层，并随机分为干预组或对照组。参与者在基线和研究结束时完成了水果和蔬菜摄入量的分期算法，其中包括一个单项食物频率问题、一份26项食物频率问卷（FFQ）、一份18项决策平衡问卷和一份5项自我效能量表。
本研究纳入了一所农村赠地大学的437名大学生作为便利样本。研究仅纳入了年龄在18至24岁之间的非营养学专业学生。共有314名学生完成了研究，完成率为72%。
在基线分期和随机分组后，干预组参与者在4个月的时间里收到了四份基于阶段的时事通讯、一次动机访谈以及一次个性化的电子邮件随访。对照组参与者仅在基线和结束时接受评估。
两份水果和蔬菜测量工具、一个单项食物频率问题以及一份26项FFQ在基线和干预后测量了水果和蔬菜的每日摄入量。
使用Windows版SAS系统8.0（1999年，SAS Institute公司，北卡罗来纳州卡里）进行分析，包括以下测试：PROC GLM、PROC FREQ和PROC NPAR1WAY、Kruskal-Wallis、Fisher、Wilcoxon秩和检验以及卡方检验。
干预组的水果和蔬菜摄入量显著高于对照组。与对照组相比，干预组使用两种测量工具时每日摄入量均增加了一份，而对照组使用单项测量工具时每日增加0.4份，使用26项FFQ时无变化。
该干预措施是增加年轻人水果和蔬菜摄入量的有效方法。
