Institute for Global Tobacco Control, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Tob Control. 2010 Oct;19(5):403-9. doi: 10.1136/tc.2009.034207. Epub 2010 Aug 25.
To determine the coverage of smoking restriction policies in indoor workplaces in China and to assess the relationships between these restrictive policies and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and smoking behaviours.
A cross-sectional household survey was conducted in six counties in Sichuan, Jiangxi and Henan provinces in 2004. Using a standardised questionnaire, information on demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes and behaviours related to smoking and SHS exposure was collected through face-to-face interviews by trained local investigators among 12 036 respondents. Of respondents, 2698 individuals worked mainly indoors and were included in data analysis.
Only 28.5% of respondents reported that indoor workplaces had a smoke-free policy. Even when respondents reported smoke-free policies, 41.1% smokers reported that they were non-compliant with policies and smoked at work. In addition, 32.0% of non-smokers reported being exposed to SHS at work despite smoke-free policies. Non-smokers who reported no smoking restriction policies were 3.7 times more likely to be exposed to SHS than those working in smoke-free workplaces (adjusted OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.3 to 10.1). On average, respondents complying with smoke-free policies smoked 3.8 fewer cigarettes than those reporting no policies in their workplaces at a marginally non-significant level (p=0.06) (adjusted mean difference -3.8, 95% CI -8.0 to 0.5).
In China, few workplaces have implemented policies to restrict smoking, and, even in workplaces that have policies, workers report exposure to SHS while at their places of employment. Many workers report a lack of compliance with smoke-free policies. China needs better implementation of SHS policies to promote compliance. Working to improve implementation of smoke-free policies would promote cessation since Chinese smokers who were compliant with these efforts reported smoking fewer cigarettes per day.
确定中国室内工作场所禁烟政策的覆盖范围，并评估这些限制政策与二手烟（SHS）暴露和吸烟行为之间的关系。
2004 年在中国四川、江西和河南的 6 个县进行了一项横断面家庭调查。通过培训的当地调查员，使用标准化问卷，对 12036 名受访者进行了面对面访谈，收集了与吸烟和 SHS 暴露相关的人口统计学特征、知识、态度和行为信息。在受访者中，有 2698 人主要在室内工作，被纳入数据分析。
只有 28.5%的受访者报告其室内工作场所实行了禁烟政策。即使受访者报告了禁烟政策，仍有 41.1%的吸烟者表示他们不遵守政策并在工作时吸烟。此外，尽管实行了禁烟政策，仍有 32.0%的不吸烟者报告在工作中接触到 SHS。报告没有吸烟限制政策的不吸烟者接触 SHS 的可能性是非无烟工作场所的 3.7 倍（调整后的比值比 3.7，95%置信区间 1.3 至 10.1）。平均而言，遵守禁烟政策的受访者比报告其工作场所没有政策的受访者每天少吸 3.8 支烟，但差异无统计学意义（p=0.06）（调整后的平均差异 -3.8，95%置信区间 -8.0 至 0.5）。
在中国，很少有工作场所实施限制吸烟的政策，即使在有政策的工作场所，工人在工作时也会报告接触 SHS。许多工人报告称不遵守禁烟政策。中国需要更好地实施 SHS 政策以促进遵守。努力改善禁烟政策的实施将促进戒烟，因为遵守这些政策的中国吸烟者报告每天吸烟量减少。
