Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Transl Res. 2010 Sep;156(3):169-79. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2010.06.005. Epub 2010 Jul 9.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by near total absence of pancreatic b cells. Current treatments consisting of insulin injections and islet transplantation are clinically unsatisfactory. In order to develop a cure for type 1 diabetes, we must find a way to reverse autoimmunity, which underlies b cell destruction, as well as an effective strategy to generate new b cells. This article reviews the different approaches that are being taken to produce new b cells. Much emphasis has been placed on selecting the right non-b cell population, either in vivo or in vitro, as the starting material. Different cell types, including adult stem cells, other types of progenitor cells in situ, and even differentiated cell populations, as well as embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, will require different methods for islet and b cell induction. We discussed the pros and cons of the different strategies that are being used to re-invent the pancreatic b cell.
1 型糖尿病的特征是胰腺β细胞几乎完全缺失。目前的治疗方法包括胰岛素注射和胰岛移植，但在临床上并不令人满意。为了开发 1 型糖尿病的治疗方法，我们必须找到一种方法来逆转自身免疫，这是β细胞破坏的基础，以及一种有效的策略来产生新的β细胞。本文综述了产生新的β细胞的不同方法。人们非常重视选择合适的非β细胞群体，无论是在体内还是体外，作为起始材料。不同的细胞类型，包括成体干细胞、原位的其他类型祖细胞，甚至分化的细胞群体，以及胚胎干细胞和诱导多能干细胞，都将需要不同的胰岛和β细胞诱导方法。我们讨论了正在使用的不同策略的优缺点，这些策略旨在重新发明胰腺β细胞。
